PRO
Statistics / Annual report

Romania, county by county. 2025

Capital, people and business. Discover the differences on the map.

42 TERRITORIES · BALANCE SHEETS AND TENDERS 2025

Where capital gathers

Explore the localities
Main activity · CAEN 68202025
Covasna: 157.56M RON
Loading localities…

Equity · RON

Blue: low valuesYellow: high values
0
3B
12B
27.1B
48.1B

42 of 42 territories with values · Relative scale across counties in this selection · square-root spacing, anchored at zero. Colours are recalculated when the selection changes.▧ No data

Report financial filters: Covasna · CAEN 6820

Covasna · Închirierea și subînchirierea bunurilor imobiliare proprii sau în leasing (Rev.2) / Închirierea și subînchirierea bunurilor imobiliare proprii sau închiriate (Rev.3) · CAEN 6820 · balance sheets available for 2025

Sales

-1.7%

Lower sales, at the same companies.

78 comparable companies · 2025 / 2024

Profitability

24.7%

Net margin of the typical company.

79 eligible companies · 74.4% of companies with a known result are profitable

Concentration

65.3%

Of sales, in the hands of the top ten companies.

Share of the selection's turnover · 2025

Size of the selection

Updated 9/18/2026, 8:47:03 PM · balance sheets 2025 / 2024

Companies analysed
86
With at least one financial indicator available
Cumulative turnover
50.23M RON
83 companies with a known value
Cumulative net result
13.55M RON
86 companies · profit minus losses
Employees reported
163
75 companies · annual averages summed
/01Geography

Where business concentrates

Turnover and jobs, by the companies' current registered office. Pick a county from the list to continue the analysis.

Covasna holds 0.2% of observed sales in the selected sector, with 86 companies.

Counties by turnover

Top 8 · 2025 balance sheets · share of the located-county total

  1. 10.63B RON47%
  2. 2.34B RON10.4%
  3. 1.27B RON5.6%
  4. 1.18B RON5.2%
  5. 826.58M RON3.7%
  6. 754.05M RON3.3%
  7. 458.66M RON2%
  8. 445.59M RON2%

Where the employees are

Top 8 by reported average headcount · share of the located-county total

  1. 7,24729.2%
  2. 1,7186.9%
  3. 1,4185.7%
  4. 1,2615.1%
  5. 1,0424.2%
  6. 1,0394.2%
  7. 9073.7%
  8. 7533%
/02CAEN sectors

Which sectors drive the economy?

Compare the main activities in Covasna. Open a sector for details.

In Fabricarea produselor lactate și a brânzeturilor, ten companies make 100% of sales. In Comerț alimentar nespecializat, only 31.9%.

SECTOR RADIOGRAPHY

Închirierea și subînchirierea bunurilor imobiliare proprii sau în leasing (Rev.2) / Închirierea și subînchirierea bunurilor imobiliare proprii sau închiriate (Rev.3) · Covasna

How much of a sector fits in ten companies?

Concentration extremes among the top 8 sectors by turnover · share of observed sales, not market share

  1. Fabricarea produselor lactate și a brânzeturilor100%
  2. Comerț alimentar nespecializat31.9%
41 sectors · descending orderTurnover · 2025
01
11 companies

1.42B RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+13.1%

7 comparable

Top 10 companies

100%

02
331 companies

833.82M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+0.6%

267 comparable

Top 10 companies

57.6%

03
18 companies

796.2M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024-13.8%

11 comparable

Top 10 companies

100%

04
7 companies

557.51M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+2.2%

6 comparable

Top 10 companies

100%

05
333 companies

523.26M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+0.8%

287 comparable

Top 10 companies

31.9%

06
3 companies

311.85M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+3.4%

3 comparable

Top 10 companies

100%

07
31 companies

249.79M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+18.3%

30 comparable

Top 10 companies

84.6%

08
55 companies

239M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+37.3%

27 comparable

Top 10 companies

94.8%

09
13 companies

227.75M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+8.7%

12 comparable

Top 10 companies

99.7%

10
7 companies

225.74M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+0.2%

5 comparable

Top 10 companies

100%

One company, one main code. Growth uses the same companies in both years; missing values remain "—". CAEN definitions sit next to each name.

/03Performance

What the typical company looks like

Beyond the giants: sales and margin of the company in the middle of the distribution.

The typical company sells 186.51K RON a year and keeps 24.7% of sales as net profit.

Median turnover
186.51K RON
83 values available
Median net margin
24.7%
79 eligible companies
Aggregate net margin
21.7%
Cumulative profit / cumulative sales, same companies
Profitable companies
74.4%
64 of 86 with a known result
National median · CAEN 6820
21.7%
Same activity, all of Romania

Distribution of net margins

Companies by margin band · net profit / positive turnover

  • Loss1721.5%
  • Zero result00%
  • Above 0–2%33.8%
  • Above 2–5%45.1%
  • Above 5–10%22.5%
  • Above 10%5367.1%

79 companies with a known profit and positive sales; 7 excluded. Bands describe margins, not bankruptcy risk.

/04Change

Who grew. Who shrank.

Same companies, two years. Compare the change in sales with the change in jobs.

53.8% of the 78 comparable companies sold more in 2025 than in 2024.

Cumulative turnover
-1.7%
78 companies with turnover in both years
Median turnover change
+1.2%
Only companies with a positive 2024 baseline
Number of employees
0%
65 companies with employees reported in both years

More sales or fewer?

Number of companies with comparable data, split by direction of change

  • Growth4253.8%
  • Decline3342.3%
  • No change33.8%

Nominal changes in RON, not adjusted for inflation. Companies without data in one of the years are not compared.

/05Dynamics

Company dynamics, county by county

Growth, survival, concentration, the trade register and state dependence in 2025: the national figure and the counties at both ends, for every map layer.

How much business grew on last year

Turnover change at the same companies · % vs 2025−1

Nationally: -1.7% in 2025. Highest values: Harghita (+59.3%), Sibiu (+30.6%), Mehedinți (+28.6%), Giurgiu (+22.6%), Vâlcea (+13.6%). Lowest: Călărași (-33.4%), Bistrița-Năsăud (-16.7%), Vrancea (-13.7%), Vaslui (-12.4%), Teleorman (-10.9%). 42 counties with data.

The five-year growth pace

Average annual turnover growth at the same companies · % per year, 5 years

Nationally: +1.5% in 2025. Highest values: Harghita (+20.2%), Ialomița (+13.9%), Suceava (+13.2%), Buzău (+11%), Giurgiu (+9.7%). Lowest: Prahova (-13%), Teleorman (-11.3%), Brăila (-11.1%), Călărași (-9.4%), Vrancea (-6.9%). 42 counties with data.

How many companies still file after five years

Companies that filed five years ago and still file in 2025 · %

Nationally: 87.7% in 2025. Highest values: Vaslui (91.2%), Sălaj (89.4%), Dâmbovița (89%), Giurgiu (88.4%), Vrancea (87.8%). Lowest: Mehedinți (69.8%), Călărași (71.7%), Brăila (72.3%), Botoșani (73.4%), Vâlcea (75.5%). 42 counties with data.

Where money is lost

Companies with a net loss · % of those reporting a result

Nationally: 25.6% in 2025. Highest values: Ilfov (41.4%), București (39%), Alba (36.6%), Prahova (36.3%), Brașov (35.8%). Lowest: Bacău (21.6%), Dolj (21.9%), Vâlcea (22.4%), Mehedinți (22.5%), Călărași (22.6%). 42 counties with data.

Companies with negative equity

Companies with negative equity · % of those reporting equity

Nationally: 11.6% in 2025. Highest values: Ilfov (30%), București (27.6%), Brașov (26.5%), Constanța (25.2%), Giurgiu (24.4%). Lowest: Vaslui (9.3%), Bistrița-Năsăud (10.7%), Tulcea (10.8%), Covasna (11.6%), Bacău (12.7%). 42 counties with data.

How much the top 10 hold

Share of the top 10 companies in turnover · %

Nationally: 65.3% in 2025. Highest values: Ialomița (93.2%), Buzău (75.1%), Bacău (74.3%), Teleorman (73.1%), Călărași (70.7%). Lowest: București (18.4%), Constanța (30.5%), Arad (35.9%), Prahova (40.5%), Galați (40.6%). 42 counties with data.

What the middle company earns

Median turnover · RON

Nationally: 186.51K RON in 2025. Highest values: Sibiu (239.08K RON), București (238.95K RON), Ilfov (234.13K RON), Mehedinți (230.94K RON), Harghita (193.43K RON). Lowest: Vrancea (68.21K RON), Gorj (86.6K RON), Hunedoara (95.76K RON), Maramureș (106.64K RON), Călărași (108.48K RON). 42 counties with data.

Turnover per employee

Turnover per employee · RON

Nationally: 295.16K RON in 2025. Highest values: Ialomița (2.09M RON), Suceava (978.56K RON), Timiș (826.93K RON), Iași (800.44K RON), București (793.93K RON). Lowest: Teleorman (211.53K RON), Brăila (223.16K RON), Caraș-Severin (240.7K RON), Vâlcea (243.41K RON), Olt (249.2K RON). 42 counties with data.

/06Data

The data behind the map

The same aggregates as on the map, also available as tables, with a stable citation for every version.

Analysis: DemoANAF.ro · Covasna · CAEN 6820.

In Covasna, the 2025 report covers 86 companies with available indicators (CAEN 6820). This is the observed sample, not the number of all registered companies.

The median net margin is 24.7% in 2025, computed for 79 companies with positive sales and a known net result, including loss-making companies. 7 companies do not meet these conditions.

3 companies have strictly positive margins of at most 2% (3.8% of eligible companies). 17 eligible companies have negative margins.

64 of 86 companies with a known net result are profitable: 74.4%. The cumulative net result, after subtracting losses, is 13.55M RON.

The cumulative turnover of the 78 comparable companies changed by -1.7% between 2024 and 2025, in nominal RON.

Counties · 43
Counties · 2025 balance sheets · values in RON · unknown values are marked "—".
Territory / activityCompaniesSalesNet profitEmployeesEquityMedian margin
Alba18681.24M RON27.41M RON164167.9M RON15.6%
Arad375204.34M RON38.87M RON463598.08M RON19.6%
Argeș452321.82M RON74.58M RON652729.61M RON31.3%
Bacău385413.99M RON145.64M RON403921.82M RON32.7%
Bihor543458.66M RON108.42M RON6041.39B RON20.1%
Bistrița-Năsăud15067.47M RON23.52M RON139172.71M RON28.1%
Botoșani12569.96M RON21.97M RON171107M RON25%
Brăila18470.89M RON14.85M RON295163.96M RON23.8%
Brașov718754.05M RON169.01M RON1,0421.46B RON17.3%
București4,24110.63B RON1.3B RON7,24748.13B RON19.1%
Buzău156200.19M RON27.94M RON294314.32M RON30%
Călărași8441.8M RON15M RON9684.92M RON29.5%
Caraș-Severin10937.73M RON14.82M RON14359.67M RON21.6%
Cluj1,2231.27B RON390.99M RON1,4184.17B RON25.2%
Constanța831445.59M RON114.48M RON1,0391.43B RON23.4%
Covasna8650.23M RON13.55M RON163157.56M RON24.7%
Dâmbovița173101.04M RON27.52M RON245140.18M RON26.8%
Dolj338306.21M RON97.64M RON753785.63M RON26.3%
Galați314142.28M RON53.78M RON512373.64M RON27%
Giurgiu7844.57M RON12.35M RON13971.12M RON24.3%
Gorj13937.67M RON13.17M RON101116.21M RON25.1%
Harghita166132.25M RON23.25M RON338337.08M RON22.9%
Hunedoara23175.79M RON13.73M RON202148.94M RON20.1%
Ialomița80168.16M RON4.39M RON7948.03M RON33.2%
Iași681826.58M RON182.3M RON9072.56B RON25.1%
Ilfov9932.34B RON212.33M RON1,71810.57B RON19.3%
Județ necunoscut157.75M RON3.18M RON210.61M RON29.1%
Maramureș322161.05M RON-12.81M RON34281.58M RON14.1%
Mehedinți7145.19M RON14.55M RON13299.85M RON25.2%
Mureș328284.61M RON65.61M RON533853.16M RON24.3%
Neamț21689.51M RON23.92M RON313166.17M RON23.4%
Olt9232.5M RON7.22M RON11676.08M RON11.5%
Prahova419304.34M RON278.43M RON7251.13B RON14.2%
Sălaj8855.75M RON23.14M RON99223.54M RON25.7%
Satu Mare224107.66M RON22.81M RON232468.08M RON16.2%
Sibiu420384.25M RON113M RON5331.28B RON23.9%
Suceava300380.62M RON73.05M RON3751.04B RON20.8%
Teleorman5425.26M RON2.76M RON9244.73M RON22.5%
Timiș1,0831.18B RON150.1M RON1,2614.54B RON19.2%
Tulcea10256.49M RON15.91M RON170142M RON19.4%
CAEN sectors · Covasna · 41
CAEN sectors · Covasna · 2025 balance sheets · values in RON · unknown values are marked "—".
Territory / activityCompaniesSalesNet profitEmployeesEquityMedian margin
Fabricarea produselor lactate și a brânzeturilor · CAEN 1051111.42B RON110.21M RON806662.22M RON4.8%
Transport rutier de mărfuri · CAEN 4941331833.82M RON46.26M RON1,548193.93M RON4.3%
Tăierea și rindeluirea lemnului · CAEN 161118796.2M RON34.12M RON642558.92M RON0.3%
Comerț cu ridicata al cărnii și produselor din carne (Rev.2) / Comerț cu ridicata al cărnii și produselor din carne, pește și produse din pește, crustacee și moluște (Rev.3) · CAEN 46327557.51M RON8.55M RON61327.69M RON2.8%
Comerț alimentar nespecializat · CAEN 4711333523.26M RON9.86M RON1,16355.17M RON1.4%
Fabricarea hârtiei și cartonului ondulat și a ambalajelor din hârtie și carton · CAEN 17213311.85M RON-73.78M RON33831.03M RON2.1%
Comerț cu ridicata al fructelor și legumelor · CAEN 463131249.79M RON10.68M RON4722.39M RON1.1%
Construcții de clădiri · CAEN 410055239M RON10.57M RON64678.24M RON10.1%
Comerț cu ridicata al materialului lemnos și a materialelor de construcție și echipamentelor sanitare · CAEN 468313227.75M RON10.89M RON29375.92M RON4.5%
Comerț cu ridicata al metalelor și minereurilor metalice (Rev.2) / Comerț cu ridicata al pieselor și accesoriilor pentru autovehicule (Rev.3) · CAEN 46727225.74M RON1.48M RON21551.25M RON4.9%
Comerț cu ridicata cu cafea, ceai, cacao și condimente · CAEN 46376217.26M RON12.63M RON14946.3M RON5.8%
Fabricarea pâinii; fabricarea prăjiturilor și a produselor proaspete de patiserie · CAEN 107178216.51M RON19.72M RON94878.49M RON1.2%
Operațiuni de mecanică generală · CAEN 25534213.57M RON9.69M RON20867.19M RON27.4%
Comerț cu ridicata nespecializat · CAEN 469048195.8M RON10.79M RON17149.93M RON4.4%
Exploatarea forestieră · CAEN 0220105195.74M RON4.11M RON627107.75M RON2.1%
Fabricarea articolelor de îmbrăcăminte · CAEN 14214188.6M RON-13.84M RON1,564137.98M RON-8.4%
Activități de telecomunicații prin rețele cu cablu (Rev.2) / Activități de telecomunicații prin rețele cu cablu, prin rețele fără cablu și prin satelit (Rev.3) · CAEN 61106166.66M RON25.52M RON13861.58M RON7.4%
Comerț cu amănuntul al produselor farmaceutice · CAEN 477328161.94M RON7.87M RON16943.08M RON4.3%
Comerț cu ridicata al cerealelor, semințelor, furajelor și tutunului neprelucrat · CAEN 462114158.64M RON4.44M RON348.53M RON3.3%
Construcții de clădiri · CAEN 4120229156.51M RON15.13M RON72245.86M RON6.3%
Cultivarea legumelor și a pepenilor, a rădăcinoaselor și tuberculilor (Rev.2) / Cultivarea legumelor și a pepenilor, a rădăcinoaselor și tuberculiferelor (Rev.3) · CAEN 011339149.5M RON12.57M RON227148.78M RON4.1%
Hoteluri și alte facilități de cazare similare · CAEN 551029146.5M RON6.08M RON672197.84M RON0.5%
Lucrări de construcții a drumurilor și autostrăzilor · CAEN 421113138.71M RON15.88M RON311137.16M RON9.2%
Intermedieri în comerțul cu produse diverse · CAEN 461974137.33M RON7.58M RON22057.83M RON7.3%
Prelucrarea și conservarea cărnii de pasăre · CAEN 10122122.23M RON9.86M RON26646.11M RON8.1%
Tăierea și rindeluirea lemnului · CAEN 161061121.39M RON3.55M RON40749.21M RON1.7%
Comerț cu amănuntul al articolelor de fierărie, al articolelor din sticlă și a celor pentru vopsit, în magazine specializate (Rev.2) / Comerț cu amănuntul al articolelor de fierărie, al materialelor de construcții, al articolelor din sticlă și a celor pentru vopsit (Rev.3) · CAEN 475224104.6M RON6.69M RON11925.84M RON5.3%
Fabricarea articolelor din material plastic pentru construcții (Rev.2) / Fabricarea de uși și ferestre din material plastic (Rev.3) · CAEN 2223893.89M RON3M RON21355.3M RON0.3%
Fabricarea ambalajelor din lemn · CAEN 1624592.15M RON221.85K RON11012.26M RON-0.1%
Lucrări de instalații electrice · CAEN 43215690.79M RON10.65M RON23929.73M RON14.1%
Fabricarea articolelor de ambalaj din material plastic · CAEN 22221286.08M RON3.87M RON17746.5M RON0.8%
Comerț cu amănuntul nespecializat, cu vânzare predominantă de produse nealimentare · CAEN 47121384.43M RON3.51M RON9818.71M RON6.7%
Comerț cu ridicata nespecializat de produse alimentare, băuturi și tutun · CAEN 46391279.12M RON1.69M RON12419.66M RON1.4%
Colectarea deșeurilor nepericuloase · CAEN 3811870.21M RON5.83M RON35925.35M RON5.3%
Operațiuni de mecanică generală (Rev.2) / Fabricarea articolelor de feronerie (Rev.3) · CAEN 25621668.03M RON-2.59M RON25520.79M RON0.6%
Producția de băuturi răcoritoare nealcoolice; producția de ape minerale și alte ape îmbuteliate · CAEN 1107866.07M RON12.27M RON12114.54M RON1.5%
Captarea, tratarea și distribuția apei · CAEN 3600465.25M RON5.79M RON30236.76M RON9%
Comerț cu ridicata al combustibililor solizi, lichizi și gazoși și al produselor derivate · CAEN 4681263.51M RON742.88K RON32.74M RON4.5%
Fabricarea produselor din beton pentru construcții · CAEN 2361761.15M RON8.23M RON6052.75M RON9.8%
Extracția pietrișului și nisipului; extracția argilei și caolinului · CAEN 08121059.86M RON3.77M RON10026.15M RON7.8%
Local units · Covasna · 16
Local units · Covasna · 2025 balance sheets · values in RON · unknown values are marked "—".
Territory / activityCompaniesSalesNet profitEmployeesEquityMedian margin
Sfântu Gheorghe5833.68M RON6.67M RON89114.36M RON27.8%
Covasna35.61M RON2.55M RON58.25M RON24.7%
Întorsura Buzăului21.32M RON553.06K RON3770.63K RON41.8%
Târgu Secuiesc67.72M RON411.45K RON5224.19M RON14.7%
Bățani137.74K RON15.86K RON0125.32K RON42%
Cernat124K RON-6.3K RON—-172.79K RON-26.2%
Chichiș1—-3.68K RON—33.88K RON—
Ghelința2233.97K RON35.21K RON1250.68K RON-2.2%
Lemnia1114.75K RON17.95K RON1116.59K RON15.6%
Ojdula185.94K RON2.69K RON178.59K RON3.1%
Ozun31.04M RON1.63M RON37.05M RON38.3%
Poian128.45K RON-49.53K RON1-76.29K RON-174.1%
Reci11.5K RON1.09K RON0-141.94K RON72.8%
Vârghiș10 RON841.14K RON4-1.54M RON—
Arcuș2155.99K RON843.57K RON13.87M RON420.1%
Bixad193.94K RON1.65K RON1361.72K RON1.8%
SICAP tenders · values by territory

National series independent of CAEN: initiation notices published in 2025, by the authority's current office. Values are estimates, not payments.

Notices and estimated values, 2025
Territory / activityNoticesValue (RON)
Brașov8345.85B RON
Ialomița1801.07B RON
Iași1,08614.34B RON
Tulcea1771.17B RON
Mehedinți187918.76M RON
Vâlcea3842.27B RON
Mureș7408.41B RON
București6,659146.69B RON
Bacău4292.57B RON
Maramureș3712.83B RON
Botoșani3211.32B RON
Brăila3581.49B RON
Galați5775.68B RON
Dâmbovița3673.11B RON
Caraș-Severin2411.42B RON
Hunedoara4822.3B RON
Prahova5524.43B RON
Călărași174765.83M RON
Ilfov5536.78B RON
Constanța7577.24B RON
Bihor6584.49B RON
Sibiu9085.72B RON
Timiș9158.62B RON
Olt3041.2B RON
Cluj1,48415.53B RON
Vaslui3661.65B RON
Giurgiu1711.94B RON
Neamț3461.76B RON
Gorj6013.25B RON
Sălaj2651.1B RON
Alba3591.58B RON
Suceava5673.91B RON
Argeș5322.2B RON
Dolj66113.33B RON
Bistrița-Năsăud2721.71B RON
Teleorman2291.58B RON
Arad3863.25B RON
Buzău2781.02B RON
Vrancea2773.31B RON
Covasna2551.01B RON
Harghita3332.68B RON
Satu Mare2912.55B RON
Județ necunoscut2221.89M RON
UAT Ilieni136.03K RON
UAT Ozun48.38M RON
UAT Zăbala21.18M RON
UAT Sfântu Gheorghe118645.91M RON
UAT Bățani313.82M RON
UAT Târgu Secuiesc2229.05M RON
UAT Bixad12.97M RON
UAT Turia212.73M RON
UAT Ghelința25.77M RON
UAT Estelnic1375K RON
UAT Brăduț152.5K RON
UAT Ojdula34.47M RON
UAT Bodoc115.68M RON
UAT Aita Mare1996.63K RON
UAT Chichiș11.81M RON
UAT Mereni17.85M RON
UAT Reci314.57M RON
UAT Zagon719.13M RON
UAT Cernat113.64M RON
UAT Brateș14.5M RON
UAT Sita Buzăului38.48M RON
UAT Vârghiș19.16M RON
UAT Lemnia19.43M RON
UAT Dobârlău44.63M RON

Cite the report

Computed on 9/18/2026, 8:47:03 PM · version 20260918174703963. Annual data may be revised when new balance sheets arrive.

DemoANAF.ro. Romania business report 2025 — Covasna, CAEN 6820. Version 20260918174703963, computed on 2026-09-18T17:47:03.963Z. https://demoanaf.ro/en/raport-afaceri-romania-2025?judet=Covasna&caen=6820#date-raport Data: https://demoanaf.ro/rapoarte/afaceri-romania-2025/date.csv?rev=20260918174703963

CSV · this versionCSV field definitionsMethodology and sources

/07Registrations

In which months do new companies appear?

SRL, SRL-D and SA registrations observed in Romania. National series, independent of the financial filters.

Most new companies appeared in July: 10,734 observed registrations.

Pace of registrations

Earliest available registration for each CUI · coverage not confirmed

Solid line: 2025

See the monthly data
Month2025
Jan6,313
Feb8,206
Mar8,589
Apr7,449
May8,145
Jun7,682
Jul10,734
Aug7,697
Sep9,208
Oct9,472
Nov9,682
Dec7,334

Coverage not confirmed: differences between series may reflect missing data. Months without observations do not mean zero.

/08Procurement

Companies and public procurement

Pace of distinct contracts recorded in SEAP. National series, by contract date.

The month with the most SEAP contracts was April: 12,765 distinct contracts.

Contracts recorded in SEAP

A contract's lots and suppliers are not counted as separate contracts

Solid line: 2025

See the monthly data
Month2025
Jan10,684
Feb9,665
Mar11,690
Apr12,765
May11,213
Jun9,725
Jul9,714
Aug9,094
Sep9,436
Oct12,761
Nov12,032
Dec9,769

Period coverage is not confirmed. We count contracts, not payments; awarded values are not actual spending.

/09Methodology

What we measure and what stays unknown

Every percentage must have a clear population, a period and a source.

Balance sheets and coverage

We analyse companies with financial indicators available for 2025. This is not a census of all companies and does not implicitly cover only SRL/SA. The coverage of each indicator is shown separately.

Year-on-year comparisons

Annual balance sheets do not measure H1 2026 results. Companies are linked by CUI. We compare only values available in both years. Geographic and CAEN groups are those of the 2025 cohort; we do not measure relocations or sector changes.

CAEN classification

We use the main code from the balance sheet, normalised to four digits. Authorised activities are not summed. Short titles describe the activities; the exact Rev.2 and Rev.3 definitions sit next to each code. Where they differ, both are shown, without assuming the company's revision or historical equivalence.

Missing values and rates

A missing value stays unknown. Margins require positive turnover and a known net result, including losses. The median treats every company equally. The aggregate margin uses the sums of profit and sales for exactly the same eligible companies. The bands are: below 0%, exactly 0%, above 0% up to and including 2%, above 2% up to and including 5%, above 5% up to and including 10%, and above 10%. They are not solvency thresholds. Growth rates are undefined when the baseline is zero or negative.

The map: capital, employees and tenders

Capital means equity (I10), including negative values, not turnover or share capital. Employees are the reported annual averages, attributed to the current office; the per-company average uses only companies with this indicator known. Tenders are initiation notices published in 2025, located by the authority's current office. Values are estimates, not payments. Colours use fixed numeric references, not ranks or quartiles. Margins have references at −10%, 0%, 2%, 5%, 10% and 20%; extreme values keep the exact number but saturate the colour. Totals use a logarithmic magnitude scale with references in the indicator's units. Each territory has a single observed value; we do not interpolate between localities. The same value keeps the same colour when the county, local unit or CAEN changes. Hatched areas have no values available. Local-unit boundaries come from ANCPI, processed by geo-spatial.org (2025). Localities are linked to local units through the INS SIRUTA 2025 nomenclature. Ambiguous addresses stay in the county total; local units use references adapted to local magnitude, constant across counties and years.

Currencies and exchange rates

All amounts are reported in RON. Conversion to EUR uses the annual average rate published by BNR for the report year; for USD, and for years without a published average, we use the arithmetic mean of the European Central Bank's daily reference rates. Today's rate is never used. It is an indicative conversion for comparison, not an accounting revaluation.

Updates

The report is recomputed periodically from the available data. The generation date does not prove the source is complete. Changes to balance sheets may revise this edition's results.

Sources: ANAF — balance sheets; ONRC — company register; SEAP / data.gov.ro — contracts. See the data sources. Download the SVG map · ANCPI boundaries · geo-spatial.org · INS · SIRUTA 2025