PRO
Statistics / Annual report

Romania, county by county. 2025

Capital, people and business. Discover the differences on the map.

42 TERRITORIES · BALANCE SHEETS AND TENDERS 2025

Where capital gathers

Explore the localities
Main activity · CAEN 47302025
Giurgiu: 91.73M RON
Loading localities…

Equity · RON

Blue: low valuesYellow: high values
-1.3B
-50.8M
447.4M
2.4B
6B

42 of 42 territories with values · Relative scale across counties in this selection · square-root spacing, anchored at zero. Colours are recalculated when the selection changes.▧ No data

Report financial filters: Giurgiu · CAEN 4730

Giurgiu · Comerț cu carburanți · CAEN 4730 · balance sheets available for 2025

Sales

+47.7%

Higher sales, at the same companies.

18 comparable companies · 2025 / 2024

Profitability

2.5%

Net margin of the typical company.

19 eligible companies · 59.1% of companies with a known result are profitable

Concentration

99.1%

Of sales, in the hands of the top ten companies.

Share of the selection's turnover · 2025

Size of the selection

Updated 9/18/2026, 8:47:03 PM · balance sheets 2025 / 2024

Companies analysed
22
With at least one financial indicator available
Cumulative turnover
1.09B RON
20 companies with a known value
Cumulative net result
29.34M RON
22 companies · profit minus losses
Employees reported
399
19 companies · annual averages summed
/01Geography

Where business concentrates

Turnover and jobs, by the companies' current registered office. Pick a county from the list to continue the analysis.

Giurgiu holds 1.4% of observed sales in the selected sector, with 22 companies.

Counties by turnover

Top 8 · 2025 balance sheets · share of the located-county total

  1. 54.95B RON69%
  2. 10.02B RON12.6%
  3. 2.06B RON2.6%
  4. 1.41B RON1.8%
  5. 1.09B RON1.4%
  6. 961.8M RON1.2%
  7. 824.23M RON1%
  8. 706.08M RON0.9%

Where the employees are

Top 8 by reported average headcount · share of the located-county total

  1. 2,75220.8%
  2. 6234.7%
  3. 6164.6%
  4. 6124.6%
  5. 5784.4%
  6. 5354%
  7. 4993.8%
  8. 4953.7%
/02CAEN sectors

Which sectors drive the economy?

Compare the main activities in Giurgiu. Open a sector for details.

In Comerț cu ridicata al produselor chimice, ten companies make 100% of sales. In Cultivarea cerealelor (excluzând orezul), plantelor leguminoase și a plantelor oleaginoase, only 25%.

SECTOR RADIOGRAPHY

Comerț cu carburanți · Giurgiu

How much of a sector fits in ten companies?

Concentration extremes among the top 8 sectors by turnover · share of observed sales, not market share

  1. Comerț cu ridicata al produselor chimice100%
  2. Cultivarea cerealelor (excluzând orezul), plantelor leguminoase și a plantelor oleaginoase25%
40 sectors · descending orderTurnover · 2025
01
22 companies

1.09B RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+47.7%

18 comparable

Top 10 companies

99.1%

02
6 companies

978.97M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+22.9%

3 comparable

Top 10 companies

100%

03
315 companies

862.85M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+36%

278 comparable

Top 10 companies

25%

04
778 companies

822.98M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+9.7%

571 comparable

Top 10 companies

46.3%

05
842 companies

821.41M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+7.1%

650 comparable

Top 10 companies

45.8%

06
17 companies

786.98M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+19.1%

14 comparable

Top 10 companies

99.9%

07
10 companies

770.02M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+1,233.2%

8 comparable

Top 10 companies

100%

08
255 companies

609.93M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+36%

122 comparable

Top 10 companies

81.1%

09
1 companies

607.64M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+2.9%

1 comparable

Top 10 companies

100%

10
848 companies

602.57M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+3.8%

687 comparable

Top 10 companies

23.2%

One company, one main code. Growth uses the same companies in both years; missing values remain "—". CAEN definitions sit next to each name.

/03Performance

What the typical company looks like

Beyond the giants: sales and margin of the company in the middle of the distribution.

The typical company sells 3.46M RON a year and keeps 2.5% of sales as net profit.

Median turnover
3.46M RON
20 values available
Median net margin
2.5%
19 eligible companies
Aggregate net margin
2.7%
Cumulative profit / cumulative sales, same companies
Profitable companies
59.1%
13 of 22 with a known result
National median · CAEN 4730
2.6%
Same activity, all of Romania

Distribution of net margins

Companies by margin band · net profit / positive turnover

  • Loss631.6%
  • Zero result00%
  • Above 0–2%210.5%
  • Above 2–5%315.8%
  • Above 5–10%315.8%
  • Above 10%526.3%

19 companies with a known profit and positive sales; 3 excluded. Bands describe margins, not bankruptcy risk.

/04Change

Who grew. Who shrank.

Same companies, two years. Compare the change in sales with the change in jobs.

61.1% of the 18 comparable companies sold more in 2025 than in 2024.

Cumulative turnover
+47.7%
18 companies with turnover in both years
Median turnover change
+6%
Only companies with a positive 2024 baseline
Number of employees
+10.6%
16 companies with employees reported in both years

More sales or fewer?

Number of companies with comparable data, split by direction of change

  • Growth1161.1%
  • Decline738.9%
  • No change00%

Nominal changes in RON, not adjusted for inflation. Companies without data in one of the years are not compared.

/05Dynamics

Company dynamics, county by county

Growth, survival, concentration, the trade register and state dependence in 2025: the national figure and the counties at both ends, for every map layer.

How much business grew on last year

Turnover change at the same companies · % vs 2025−1

Nationally: +47.7% in 2025. Highest values: Giurgiu (+47.7%), Dâmbovița (+33.9%), Satu Mare (+19.6%), Olt (+17.1%), Constanța (+14.7%). Lowest: Ilfov (-17.3%), Vaslui (-8.1%), Tulcea (-6.9%), Hunedoara (-6.4%), Prahova (-5.8%). 42 counties with data.

The five-year growth pace

Average annual turnover growth at the same companies · % per year, 5 years

Nationally: +26.8% in 2025. Highest values: Arad (+65.3%), Iași (+38.6%), Giurgiu (+26.8%), Olt (+26.5%), Dâmbovița (+24.1%). Lowest: Sălaj (-4.6%), Caraș-Severin (+5%), Prahova (+5.5%), Gorj (+5.9%), Tulcea (+6.1%). 41 counties with data.

How many companies still file after five years

Companies that filed five years ago and still file in 2025 · %

Nationally: 89.5% in 2025. Highest values: Brăila (92.9%), Sălaj (92.3%), Botoșani (90.9%), Argeș (90.5%), Teleorman (90.5%). Lowest: Constanța (58.8%), Vaslui (60%), Brașov (62.1%), Vâlcea (62.5%), Prahova (65%). 42 counties with data.

Where money is lost

Companies with a net loss · % of those reporting a result

Nationally: 31.8% in 2025. Highest values: Brașov (50%), Caraș-Severin (50%), Harghita (45.5%), Prahova (40.7%), Sălaj (40%). Lowest: Suceava (7.7%), Buzău (11.9%), Neamț (13.3%), Gorj (14.3%), Vaslui (16.7%). 42 counties with data.

Companies with negative equity

Companies with negative equity · % of those reporting equity

Nationally: 31.8% in 2025. Highest values: Iași (42.9%), Sălaj (40%), Caraș-Severin (37.5%), Covasna (37.5%), Dolj (33.8%). Lowest: Suceava (7.7%), Dâmbovița (13.3%), Vaslui (16.7%), Tulcea (18.2%), Argeș (18.8%). 42 counties with data.

How much the top 10 hold

Share of the top 10 companies in turnover · %

Nationally: 99.1% in 2025. Highest values: Cluj (99.6%), București (99.2%), Giurgiu (99.1%), Arad (98.4%), Bacău (97.1%). Lowest: Bihor (64.2%), Timiș (71.3%), Suceava (75.2%), Buzău (78%), Vrancea (79.1%). 29 counties with data.

What the middle company earns

Median turnover · RON

Nationally: 3.46M RON in 2025. Highest values: Vaslui (11.26M RON), Mureș (8.69M RON), Brăila (6.82M RON), Harghita (5.95M RON), Suceava (4.83M RON). Lowest: Mehedinți (440.77K RON), Sălaj (879.8K RON), Brașov (1.08M RON), Galați (1.3M RON), Hunedoara (1.42M RON). 42 counties with data.

Turnover per employee

Turnover per employee · RON

Nationally: 2.74M RON in 2025. Highest values: București (19.97M RON), Cluj (16.37M RON), Arad (7.73M RON), Dâmbovița (3.45M RON), Giurgiu (2.74M RON). Lowest: Mehedinți (360.85K RON), Tulcea (578.69K RON), Hunedoara (619.86K RON), Neamț (653.15K RON), Prahova (764.05K RON). 42 counties with data.

/06Data

The data behind the map

The same aggregates as on the map, also available as tables, with a stable citation for every version.

Analysis: DemoANAF.ro · Giurgiu · CAEN 4730.

In Giurgiu, the 2025 report covers 22 companies with available indicators (CAEN 4730). This is the observed sample, not the number of all registered companies.

The median net margin is 2.5% in 2025, computed for 19 companies with positive sales and a known net result, including loss-making companies. 3 companies do not meet these conditions.

2 companies have strictly positive margins of at most 2% (10.5% of eligible companies). 6 eligible companies have negative margins.

13 of 22 companies with a known net result are profitable: 59.1%. The cumulative net result, after subtracting losses, is 29.34M RON.

The cumulative turnover of the 18 comparable companies changed by +47.7% between 2024 and 2025, in nominal RON.

Counties · 42
Counties · 2025 balance sheets · values in RON · unknown values are marked "—".
Territory / activityCompaniesSalesNet profitEmployeesEquityMedian margin
Alba26421.7M RON3.63M RON35835.72M RON1.5%
Arad312.06B RON-305.85K RON26629.89M RON1.2%
Argeș48480.01M RON18.71M RON535121.6M RON2.3%
Bacău21287.7M RON9.25M RON26227.19M RON2.5%
Bihor65525.84M RON10.27M RON42985.5M RON2.5%
Bistrița-Năsăud25350.48M RON8.83M RON18640.66M RON1.8%
Botoșani15319.45M RON8.52M RON22227.68M RON1.9%
Brăila14151.06M RON3.41M RON18634.34M RON0.6%
Brașov18341.77M RON6.09M RON19430.32M RON0.1%
București8754.95B RON646.44M RON2,7526.04B RON3.1%
Buzău42468.08M RON11.51M RON49942.21M RON2.7%
Călărași25294.98M RON10.65M RON24281.97M RON3.1%
Caraș-Severin1679.97M RON2.03M RON9818.19M RON1.1%
Cluj3710.02B RON327.17M RON6121.4B RON3.4%
Constanța30276.33M RON9.04M RON24536.99M RON4%
Covasna851.01M RON3.31M RON646.31M RON3.7%
Dâmbovița30961.8M RON31.14M RON279103.5M RON3.5%
Dolj65706.08M RON19.86M RON57858.3M RON3.2%
Galați40269.55M RON2.09M RON24921.67M RON2.5%
Giurgiu221.09B RON29.34M RON39991.73M RON2.5%
Gorj28159.51M RON7.6M RON15523.33M RON2.3%
Harghita1160.22M RON1.51M RON4412.14M RON2.6%
Hunedoara22149.04M RON2.38M RON24023.83M RON2.7%
Ialomița1987.82M RON1.99M RON10720.39M RON1.6%
Iași21124.98M RON3.19M RON1172.15M RON1.2%
Ilfov48548.2M RON17.59M RON49554M RON1.7%
Maramureș24181.23M RON4.94M RON12131.89M RON1.5%
Mehedinți1318.04M RON770.26K RON503.06M RON4.1%
Mureș20307.71M RON3.55M RON22146.76M RON1%
Neamț15140.43M RON2.25M RON21515.41M RON1.9%
Olt451.41B RON60.08M RON623178.97M RON3.2%
Prahova27151.29M RON3.98M RON19816.45M RON3.9%
Sălaj1536.75M RON155.71K RON46-2.75M RON1.3%
Satu Mare1873.43M RON3.11M RON9112.34M RON2.2%
Sibiu30824.23M RON22.78M RON616-1.25B RON2.4%
Suceava39418.06M RON18.5M RON24374.58M RON2.9%
Teleorman2399.55M RON8.68M RON11127.86M RON6.3%
Timiș48241.98M RON6.8M RON31027.17M RON2.3%
Tulcea11114.58M RON3.67M RON19818.97M RON3.5%
Vâlcea22172.68M RON6.47M RON20618.83M RON3.4%
CAEN sectors · Giurgiu · 40
CAEN sectors · Giurgiu · 2025 balance sheets · values in RON · unknown values are marked "—".
Territory / activityCompaniesSalesNet profitEmployeesEquityMedian margin
Comerț cu carburanți · CAEN 4730221.09B RON29.34M RON39991.73M RON2.5%
Comerț cu ridicata al produselor chimice · CAEN 46856978.97M RON13.28M RON12868.8M RON1.3%
Cultivarea cerealelor (excluzând orezul), plantelor leguminoase și a plantelor oleaginoase · CAEN 0111315862.85M RON122.64M RON1,094700.88M RON11.2%
Construcții de clădiri · CAEN 4120778822.98M RON131.48M RON2,046223.31M RON24%
Transport rutier de mărfuri · CAEN 4941842821.41M RON46.75M RON2,163147.27M RON5.1%
Comerț cu ridicata al combustibililor solizi, lichizi și gazoși al produselor derivate (Rev.2) / Comerț cu ridicata al autovehiculelor (Rev.3) · CAEN 467117786.98M RON40.98M RON30093.37M RON3.9%
Comerț cu ridicata al produselor chimice · CAEN 467510770.02M RON20.19M RON1123.08M RON1.5%
Construcții de clădiri · CAEN 4100255609.93M RON44.35M RON689144.58M RON28.5%
Operațiuni de mecanică generală · CAEN 25531607.64M RON33M RON74103.61M RON5.4%
Comerț alimentar nespecializat · CAEN 4711848602.57M RON21.94M RON1,28880.93M RON3.2%
Activități de intermediere pentru transportul de marfă · CAEN 52316529.85M RON-504.45K RON632156.66M RON-5.6%
Fabricarea produselor din beton pentru construcții · CAEN 236113366.93M RON5.92M RON615236.61M RON20.8%
Alte activități anexe transporturilor · CAEN 52269348.64M RON22.89M RON308185.27M RON15.8%
Comerț cu ridicata al cerealelor, semințelor, furajelor și tutunului neprelucrat · CAEN 462128339.79M RON5.1M RON359.55M RON1.1%
Cultivarea legumelor și a pepenilor, a rădăcinoaselor și tuberculilor (Rev.2) / Cultivarea legumelor și a pepenilor, a rădăcinoaselor și tuberculiferelor (Rev.3) · CAEN 011377230.14M RON11.88M RON18918.86M RON10.7%
Comerț cu ridicata al fructelor și legumelor · CAEN 463134213.67M RON11.26M RON10024.47M RON3.8%
Construcții hidrotehnice · CAEN 42912210.32M RON44.88M RON237112.94M RON20.6%
Lucrări de instalații electrice · CAEN 4321104193.84M RON17.94M RON40952.62M RON14.2%
Fabricarea de construcții metalice și părți componente ale structurilor metalice · CAEN 251132188.02M RON-1.68M RON217-401.97K RON7.9%
Fabricarea pâinii; fabricarea prăjiturilor și a produselor proaspete de patiserie · CAEN 107180142.16M RON6.07M RON53836.75M RON3.1%
Creșterea păsărilor · CAEN 01479125.53M RON4.23M RON17711.45M RON-6.5%
Comerț cu ridicata al mașinilor pentru industria textilă și al mașinilor de cusut și de tricotat (Rev.2) / Comerț cu ridicata al altor mașini și echipamente (Rev.3) · CAEN 46642119.22M RON12.7M RON8973.17M RON10.2%
Dezvoltare (promovare) imobiliară · CAEN 41101895.05M RON10.12M RON1525.2M RON12%
Extracția pietrișului și nisipului; extracția argilei și caolinului · CAEN 08122687.81M RON3.77M RON22121.91M RON3.6%
Comerț cu ridicata al materialului lemnos și a materialelor de construcție și echipamentelor sanitare · CAEN 46832486.02M RON2.41M RON9922M RON3.1%
Producția de tuburi, țevi, profile tubulare și accesorii pentru acestea, din oțel · CAEN 2420285.98M RON198.63K RON141-11.18M RON23.7%
Alte activități poștale și de curier · CAEN 532010385.91M RON5.56M RON2449.36M RON5.8%
Construcția de nave și structuri plutitoare (Rev.2) / Construcția de nave civile și structuri plutitoare (Rev.3) · CAEN 3011184.37M RON3.93M RON224-40.59M RON4.7%
Comerț cu ridicata al deșeurilor și resturilor · CAEN 46771782.35M RON2.62M RON5813.17M RON0.8%
Metalurgia aluminiului · CAEN 2442181.8M RON4.22M RON4644.7M RON5.2%
Comerț cu amănuntul prin intermediul caselor de comenzi sau prin internet (Rev.2) / Intermedieri în comerțul cu amănuntul nespecializat (Rev.3) · CAEN 479117081.62M RON11.75M RON7819M RON4.2%
Fabricarea produselor de morărit · CAEN 1061581.04M RON6M RON6020.63M RON4.5%
Producția gazelor · CAEN 3521280.61M RON4.8M RON16717.86M RON6%
Fabricarea de uși și ferestre din metal 8 8 · CAEN 2512780.51M RON3.47M RON14130.84M RON10.3%
Activități de jocuri de noroc și pariuri · CAEN 9200478.93M RON3.91M RON2421.01M RON-190.9%
Lucrări de construcții a drumurilor și autostrăzilor · CAEN 42113177.15M RON10.56M RON18838.96M RON13.5%
Comerț cu amănuntul în magazine nespecializate, cu vânzare predominantă de produse nealimentare · CAEN 47199576.61M RON3.71M RON18919.8M RON4.6%
Activități de contractare, pe baze temporare, a personalului (Rev.2) / Activități ale agențiilor de plasare temporară a forței de muncă și furnizarea altor resurse umane (Rev.3) · CAEN 7820675.24M RON7.57M RON6476.33M RON15.7%
Intermedieri în comerțul cu produse diverse · CAEN 46195374.87M RON-2.04M RON1035.48M RON4.1%
Restaurante · CAEN 561010374.55M RON3.75M RON32922.13M RON3.4%
Local units · Giurgiu · 14
Local units · Giurgiu · 2025 balance sheets · values in RON · unknown values are marked "—".
Territory / activityCompaniesSalesNet profitEmployeesEquityMedian margin
Giurgiu39.37M RON138.96K RON221.41M RON11.2%
Adunații-Copăceni2997.58M RON24.87M RON29975.68M RON2.5%
Bolintin-Deal12.88M RON-194.01K RON4-2.79M RON-6.7%
Bolintin-Vale540.29M RON2.42M RON226.61M RON6.7%
Călugăreni24.25M RON-79.68K RON11-1.59M RON-1.7%
Clejani165.7K RON-972 RON—-9.33K RON-1.5%
Colibași120.8M RON1.86M RON1911.88M RON8.9%
Comana18.43M RON392.46K RON6350.65K RON4.7%
Ghimpați1332.8K RON73.78K RON1131.84K RON22.2%
Gostinu1741.24K RON-199.8K RON3-223.39K RON-27%
Iepurești11.64M RON-104.01K RON6-748.73K RON-6.3%
Izvoarele1—0 RON—-3.37K RON—
Joița14.04M RON440.91K RON3762.36K RON10.9%
Vărăști11.7M RON-287.67K RON3281.9K RON-16.9%
SICAP tenders · values by territory

National series independent of CAEN: initiation notices published in 2025, by the authority's current office. Values are estimates, not payments.

Notices and estimated values, 2025
Territory / activityNoticesValue (RON)
Brașov8345.85B RON
Ialomița1801.07B RON
Iași1,08614.34B RON
Tulcea1771.17B RON
Mehedinți187918.76M RON
Vâlcea3842.27B RON
Mureș7408.41B RON
București6,659146.69B RON
Bacău4292.57B RON
Maramureș3712.83B RON
Botoșani3211.32B RON
Brăila3581.49B RON
Galați5775.68B RON
Dâmbovița3673.11B RON
Caraș-Severin2411.42B RON
Hunedoara4822.3B RON
Prahova5524.43B RON
Călărași174765.83M RON
Ilfov5536.78B RON
Constanța7577.24B RON
Bihor6584.49B RON
Sibiu9085.72B RON
Timiș9158.62B RON
Olt3041.2B RON
Cluj1,48415.53B RON
Vaslui3661.65B RON
Giurgiu1711.94B RON
Neamț3461.76B RON
Gorj6013.25B RON
Sălaj2651.1B RON
Alba3591.58B RON
Suceava5673.91B RON
Argeș5322.2B RON
Dolj66113.33B RON
Bistrița-Năsăud2721.71B RON
Teleorman2291.58B RON
Arad3863.25B RON
Buzău2781.02B RON
Vrancea2773.31B RON
Covasna2551.01B RON
Harghita3332.68B RON
Satu Mare2912.55B RON
Județ necunoscut2221.89M RON
UAT Roata de Jos34.04M RON
UAT Frătești13.63M RON
UAT Giurgiu1031.66B RON
UAT Stănești1309.95K RON
UAT Bulbucata12.53M RON
UAT Săbăreni316.3M RON
UAT Schitu210.52M RON
UAT Gogoșari13.2M RON
UAT Mihai Bravu12.6M RON
UAT Băneasa1495.07K RON
UAT Ghimpați13.96M RON
UAT Comana611.17M RON
UAT Găiseni17.5M RON
UAT Găujani13.99M RON
UAT Bucșani310.79M RON
UAT Vânătorii Mici11.98M RON
UAT Letca Nouă39.08M RON
UAT Greaca12.77M RON
UAT Vărăști516.25M RON
UAT Răsuceni13.03M RON
UAT Bolintin-Deal513.24M RON
UAT Crevedia Mare13.08M RON
UAT Adunații-Copăceni12.04M RON
UAT Mârșa24.28M RON
UAT Izvoarele34.46M RON
UAT Valea Dragului21.97M RON

Cite the report

Computed on 9/18/2026, 8:47:03 PM · version 20260918174703963. Annual data may be revised when new balance sheets arrive.

DemoANAF.ro. Romania business report 2025 — Giurgiu, CAEN 4730. Version 20260918174703963, computed on 2026-09-18T17:47:03.963Z. https://demoanaf.ro/en/raport-afaceri-romania-2025?judet=Giurgiu&caen=4730#date-raport Data: https://demoanaf.ro/rapoarte/afaceri-romania-2025/date.csv?rev=20260918174703963

CSV · this versionCSV field definitionsMethodology and sources

/07Registrations

In which months do new companies appear?

SRL, SRL-D and SA registrations observed in Romania. National series, independent of the financial filters.

Most new companies appeared in July: 10,734 observed registrations.

Pace of registrations

Earliest available registration for each CUI · coverage not confirmed

Solid line: 2025

See the monthly data
Month2025
Jan6,313
Feb8,206
Mar8,589
Apr7,449
May8,145
Jun7,682
Jul10,734
Aug7,697
Sep9,208
Oct9,472
Nov9,682
Dec7,334

Coverage not confirmed: differences between series may reflect missing data. Months without observations do not mean zero.

/08Procurement

Companies and public procurement

Pace of distinct contracts recorded in SEAP. National series, by contract date.

The month with the most SEAP contracts was April: 12,765 distinct contracts.

Contracts recorded in SEAP

A contract's lots and suppliers are not counted as separate contracts

Solid line: 2025

See the monthly data
Month2025
Jan10,684
Feb9,665
Mar11,690
Apr12,765
May11,213
Jun9,725
Jul9,714
Aug9,094
Sep9,436
Oct12,761
Nov12,032
Dec9,769

Period coverage is not confirmed. We count contracts, not payments; awarded values are not actual spending.

/09Methodology

What we measure and what stays unknown

Every percentage must have a clear population, a period and a source.

Balance sheets and coverage

We analyse companies with financial indicators available for 2025. This is not a census of all companies and does not implicitly cover only SRL/SA. The coverage of each indicator is shown separately.

Year-on-year comparisons

Annual balance sheets do not measure H1 2026 results. Companies are linked by CUI. We compare only values available in both years. Geographic and CAEN groups are those of the 2025 cohort; we do not measure relocations or sector changes.

CAEN classification

We use the main code from the balance sheet, normalised to four digits. Authorised activities are not summed. Short titles describe the activities; the exact Rev.2 and Rev.3 definitions sit next to each code. Where they differ, both are shown, without assuming the company's revision or historical equivalence.

Missing values and rates

A missing value stays unknown. Margins require positive turnover and a known net result, including losses. The median treats every company equally. The aggregate margin uses the sums of profit and sales for exactly the same eligible companies. The bands are: below 0%, exactly 0%, above 0% up to and including 2%, above 2% up to and including 5%, above 5% up to and including 10%, and above 10%. They are not solvency thresholds. Growth rates are undefined when the baseline is zero or negative.

The map: capital, employees and tenders

Capital means equity (I10), including negative values, not turnover or share capital. Employees are the reported annual averages, attributed to the current office; the per-company average uses only companies with this indicator known. Tenders are initiation notices published in 2025, located by the authority's current office. Values are estimates, not payments. Colours use fixed numeric references, not ranks or quartiles. Margins have references at −10%, 0%, 2%, 5%, 10% and 20%; extreme values keep the exact number but saturate the colour. Totals use a logarithmic magnitude scale with references in the indicator's units. Each territory has a single observed value; we do not interpolate between localities. The same value keeps the same colour when the county, local unit or CAEN changes. Hatched areas have no values available. Local-unit boundaries come from ANCPI, processed by geo-spatial.org (2025). Localities are linked to local units through the INS SIRUTA 2025 nomenclature. Ambiguous addresses stay in the county total; local units use references adapted to local magnitude, constant across counties and years.

Currencies and exchange rates

All amounts are reported in RON. Conversion to EUR uses the annual average rate published by BNR for the report year; for USD, and for years without a published average, we use the arithmetic mean of the European Central Bank's daily reference rates. Today's rate is never used. It is an indicative conversion for comparison, not an accounting revaluation.

Updates

The report is recomputed periodically from the available data. The generation date does not prove the source is complete. Changes to balance sheets may revise this edition's results.

Sources: ANAF — balance sheets; ONRC — company register; SEAP / data.gov.ro — contracts. See the data sources. Download the SVG map · ANCPI boundaries · geo-spatial.org · INS · SIRUTA 2025