Statistics / Annual report

Romania, county by county. 2025

Capital, people and business. Discover the differences on the map.

42 TERRITORIES · BALANCE SHEETS AND TENDERS 2025

Where capital gathers

Explore the localities
Main activity · CAEN 46732025
Caraș-Severin: 80.53M RON
Loading localities…

Equity · RON

Blue: low valuesYellow: high values
-145.1M
-19.8M
10M
115.8M
337.1M

42 of 42 territories with values · Relative scale across counties in this selection · square-root spacing, anchored at zero. Colours are recalculated when the selection changes.No data

Report financial filters: Caraș-Severin · CAEN 4673

Caraș-Severin · Comerț cu ridicata al materialului lemnos și al materialelor de construcții și echipamentelor sanitare (Rev.2) / Comerț cu ridicata al motocicletelor; comerț cu ridicata al pieselor și accesoriilor pentru motociclete (Rev.3) · CAEN 4673 · balance sheets available for 2025

Size of the selection

Updated 9/18/2026, 8:47:03 PM · balance sheets 2025 / 2024

Companies analysed
25
With at least one financial indicator available
Cumulative turnover
277.61M RON
20 companies with a known value
Cumulative net result
13.41M RON
25 companies · profit minus losses
Employees reported
290
21 companies · annual averages summed
/01Geography

Where business concentrates

Turnover and jobs, by the companies' current registered office. Pick a county from the list to continue the analysis.

Caraș-Severin holds 2.2% of observed sales in the selected sector, with 25 companies.

Counties by turnover

Top 8 · 2025 balance sheets · share of the located-county total

  1. 2.51B RON19.8%
  2. 1.12B RON8.8%
  3. 709.93M RON5.6%
  4. 609.73M RON4.8%
  5. 568.92M RON4.5%
  6. 560.46M RON4.4%
  7. 386.72M RON3%
  8. 375.51M RON3%

Where the employees are

Top 8 by reported average headcount · share of the located-county total

  1. 1,53812.1%
  2. 8276.5%
  3. 5884.6%
  4. 5824.6%
  5. 5614.4%
  6. 4633.7%
  7. 4633.7%
  8. 4453.5%
/02CAEN sectors

Which sectors drive the economy?

Compare the main activities in Caraș-Severin. Open a sector for details.

In Fabricarea de echipamente electrice și electronice pentru autovehicule și pentru motoare de autovehicule, ten companies make 100% of sales. In Transport rutier de mărfuri, only 46.5%.

SECTOR RADIOGRAPHY

Comerț cu ridicata al materialului lemnos și al materialelor de construcții și echipamentelor sanitare (Rev.2) / Comerț cu ridicata al motocicletelor; comerț cu ridicata al pieselor și accesoriilor pentru motociclete (Rev.3) · Caraș-Severin

How much of a sector fits in ten companies?

Concentration extremes among the top 8 sectors by turnover · share of observed sales, not market share

  1. Fabricarea de echipamente electrice și electronice pentru autovehicule și pentru motoare de autovehicule100%
  2. Transport rutier de mărfuri46.5%
40 sectors · descending orderTurnover · 2025
01
427 companies

754.95M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+0.7%

335 comparable

Top 10 companies

60.9%

02
3 companies

472.74M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024-47.6%

3 comparable

Top 10 companies

100%

03
1 companies

353.52M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024-9.4%

1 comparable

Top 10 companies

100%

04
308 companies

353.46M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+4.5%

218 comparable

Top 10 companies

46.5%

05
25 companies

277.61M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+9%

15 comparable

Top 10 companies

99.8%

06
3 companies

264.07M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024-11.7%

3 comparable

Top 10 companies

100%

07
59 companies

242.66M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+17.5%

49 comparable

Top 10 companies

88.2%

08
249 companies

203.1M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024-6.7%

170 comparable

Top 10 companies

68.4%

09
40 companies

162.43M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+6.3%

37 comparable

Top 10 companies

71.7%

10
41 companies

158.46M RON

Turnover · 2025/2024+38.9%

29 comparable

Top 10 companies

98.8%

One company, one main code. Growth uses the same companies in both years; missing values remain "—". CAEN definitions sit next to each name.

/03Performance

What the typical company looks like

Beyond the giants: sales and margin of the company in the middle of the distribution.

The typical company sells 232.27K RON a year and keeps 0.6% of sales as net profit.

Median turnover
232.27K RON
20 values available
Median net margin
0.6%
14 eligible companies
Aggregate net margin
4.9%
Cumulative profit / cumulative sales, same companies
Profitable companies
32%
8 of 25 with a known result
National median · CAEN 4673
3.1%
Same activity, all of Romania

Distribution of net margins

Companies by margin band · net profit / positive turnover

  • Loss642.9%
  • Zero result00%
  • Above 0–2%214.3%
  • Above 2–5%00%
  • Above 5–10%428.6%
  • Above 10%214.3%

14 companies with a known profit and positive sales; 11 excluded. Bands describe margins, not bankruptcy risk.

/04Change

Who grew. Who shrank.

Same companies, two years. Compare the change in sales with the change in jobs.

46.7% of the 15 comparable companies sold more in 2025 than in 2024.

Cumulative turnover
+9%
15 companies with turnover in both years
Median turnover change
+9.6%
Only companies with a positive 2024 baseline
Number of employees
-7.7%
14 companies with employees reported in both years

More sales or fewer?

Number of companies with comparable data, split by direction of change

  • Growth746.7%
  • Decline640%
  • No change213.3%

Nominal changes in RON, not adjusted for inflation. Companies without data in one of the years are not compared.

/05Dynamics

Company dynamics, county by county

Growth, survival, concentration, the trade register and state dependence in 2025: the national figure and the counties at both ends, for every map layer.

How much business grew on last year

Turnover change at the same companies · % vs 2025−1

Nationally: +9% in 2025. Highest values: Tulcea (+41.7%), Cluj (+39.1%), Vâlcea (+20.5%), Dâmbovița (+17.8%), Suceava (+17.1%). Lowest: Arad (-30%), Giurgiu (-15.5%), Maramureș (-7.8%), Alba (-6.8%), Bistrița-Năsăud (-4%). 42 counties with data.

The five-year growth pace

Average annual turnover growth at the same companies · % per year, 5 years

Nationally: +12.2% in 2025. Highest values: Covasna (+13.6%), Caraș-Severin (+12.2%), Timiș (+11.9%), Iași (+11.4%), Tulcea (+11%). Lowest: Arad (-8.1%), Mehedinți (-3%), Hunedoara (-0.5%), Dolj (+0.5%), Sălaj (+0.9%). 42 counties with data.

How many companies still file after five years

Companies that filed five years ago and still file in 2025 · %

Nationally: 60% in 2025. Highest values: Satu Mare (82%), Botoșani (81.4%), Sălaj (80.6%), Gorj (79.8%), Vaslui (79.5%). Lowest: Mehedinți (57.6%), Caraș-Severin (60%), București (66.8%), Vrancea (67.4%), Bihor (68.6%). 42 counties with data.

Where money is lost

Companies with a net loss · % of those reporting a result

Nationally: 52% in 2025. Highest values: Caraș-Severin (52%), Constanța (47.9%), Hunedoara (46.4%), Călărași (43.3%), Mehedinți (42.9%). Lowest: Vaslui (15.8%), Dâmbovița (23.5%), Gorj (25%), Olt (26.6%), Suceava (26.8%). 42 counties with data.

Companies with negative equity

Companies with negative equity · % of those reporting equity

Nationally: 56% in 2025. Highest values: Caraș-Severin (56%), Hunedoara (46.4%), Bihor (41.9%), Timiș (41.6%), Arad (39.1%). Lowest: Vaslui (12.3%), Neamț (19.1%), Satu Mare (21.1%), Teleorman (21.5%), Harghita (22.8%). 42 counties with data.

How much the top 10 hold

Share of the top 10 companies in turnover · %

Nationally: 99.8% in 2025. Highest values: Caraș-Severin (99.8%), Mehedinți (98.4%), Tulcea (96%), Hunedoara (92.4%), Covasna (92.4%). Lowest: Bacău (42.6%), Maramureș (50.1%), Bihor (50.9%), Suceava (51%), Ilfov (51.6%). 42 counties with data.

What the middle company earns

Median turnover · RON

Nationally: 232.27K RON in 2025. Highest values: Harghita (1.04M RON), Vaslui (684.23K RON), Bistrița-Năsăud (657.78K RON), Ialomița (578.78K RON), Satu Mare (556.16K RON). Lowest: Hunedoara (9.6K RON), Buzău (117.08K RON), Brăila (119.06K RON), Mehedinți (151.11K RON), Vâlcea (151.87K RON). 42 counties with data.

Turnover per employee

Turnover per employee · RON

Nationally: 957.79K RON in 2025. Highest values: București (1.61M RON), Brașov (1.34M RON), Bistrița-Năsăud (1.33M RON), Cluj (1.2M RON), Ilfov (1.15M RON). Lowest: Covasna (349.51K RON), Alba (499.99K RON), Botoșani (524.66K RON), Vâlcea (540.98K RON), Galați (548.06K RON). 42 counties with data.

/06Data

The data behind the map

The same aggregates as on the map, also available as tables, with a stable citation for every version.

Analysis: DemoANAF.ro · Caraș-Severin · CAEN 4673.

In Caraș-Severin, the 2025 report covers 25 companies with available indicators (CAEN 4673). This is the observed sample, not the number of all registered companies.

The median net margin is 0.6% in 2025, computed for 14 companies with positive sales and a known net result, including loss-making companies. 11 companies do not meet these conditions.

2 companies have strictly positive margins of at most 2% (14.3% of eligible companies). 6 eligible companies have negative margins.

8 of 25 companies with a known net result are profitable: 32%. The cumulative net result, after subtracting losses, is 13.41M RON.

The cumulative turnover of the 15 comparable companies changed by +9% between 2024 and 2025, in nominal RON.

Counties · 43
Counties · 2025 balance sheets · values in RON · unknown values are marked "—".
Territory / activityCompaniesSalesNet profitEmployeesEquityMedian margin
Alba7680.16M RON4.91M RON15926.19M RON2%
Arad110157.59M RON-492.32K RON24337.89M RON2.1%
Argeș184346.58M RON30.79M RON463144.63M RON2.9%
Bacău140203.29M RON8.7M RON30448.39M RON3.4%
Bihor215315.98M RON16.78M RON39473.74M RON3.4%
Bistrița-Năsăud45212.14M RON2.88M RON15529.62M RON1.9%
Botoșani4648M RON1.43M RON9112.35M RON2.7%
Brăila5358.98M RON380.77K RON9816.48M RON1.9%
Brașov1481.12B RON7.5M RON82792.84M RON3.1%
București4602.51B RON132.93M RON1,538337.12M RON3.3%
Buzău106167.63M RON10.26M RON21144.81M RON1.8%
Călărași67102.71M RON5.28M RON1191.44M RON2.9%
Caraș-Severin25277.61M RON13.41M RON29080.53M RON0.6%
Cluj235568.92M RON40.93M RON463151.18M RON3.3%
Constanța146386.72M RON9.68M RON34966.23M RON1%
Covasna2853.5M RON3.43M RON15113.71M RON1.4%
Dâmbovița81273.55M RON7.55M RON27637.88M RON2.9%
Dolj116609.73M RON14.38M RON582168.91M RON2.8%
Galați109101.61M RON4.37M RON17932.32M RON1.8%
Giurgiu6965.45M RON747.19K RON101-15.29M RON2.7%
Gorj70170.5M RON8.31M RON23555.24M RON5%
Harghita57222.01M RON-448.69K RON27954.97M RON2.6%
Hunedoara5663.63M RON4.32M RON7315.68M RON3.7%
Ialomița59302.61M RON10.17M RON30459.8M RON4.1%
Iași148266.3M RON11.19M RON28558.81M RON2.4%
Ilfov228709.93M RON30.45M RON588222.77M RON2.8%
Județ necunoscut620.6M RON2.4M RON3310.46M RON9%
Maramureș136276.3M RON5.18M RON31863.16M RON2.2%
Mehedinți2126.66M RON1.02M RON4110.24M RON2.1%
Mureș118225.71M RON13.03M RON29771.02M RON3.2%
Neamț115214.55M RON11.23M RON29269.61M RON3.2%
Olt79155.55M RON7.3M RON24846.27M RON4.6%
Prahova152356.99M RON18.37M RON405112.51M RON4.9%
Sălaj4781.58M RON4.05M RON12642.77M RON3.3%
Satu Mare90375.51M RON15.64M RON445166.79M RON2.2%
Sibiu79190.89M RON8.99M RON167-145.15M RON5.4%
Suceava213560.46M RON21M RON561125.59M RON4.3%
Teleorman93131.26M RON5.63M RON20442.06M RON3.1%
Timiș209347.14M RON18.7M RON31898.56M RON2.3%
Tulcea2741.61M RON3.09M RON389.05M RON3.8%
CAEN sectors · Caraș-Severin · 40
CAEN sectors · Caraș-Severin · 2025 balance sheets · values in RON · unknown values are marked "—".
Territory / activityCompaniesSalesNet profitEmployeesEquityMedian margin
Comerț alimentar nespecializat · CAEN 4711427754.95M RON9.02M RON1,26378.43M RON1.6%
Fabricarea de echipamente electrice și electronice pentru autovehicule și pentru motoare de autovehicule · CAEN 29313472.74M RON-9.36M RON1,52175.47M RON20.9%
Fabricarea altor piese și accesorii pentru autovehicule și pentru motoare de autovehicule · CAEN 29321353.52M RON16.59M RON609209.91M RON4.7%
Transport rutier de mărfuri · CAEN 4941308353.46M RON3.3M RON90748.98M RON1%
Comerț cu ridicata al materialului lemnos și al materialelor de construcții și echipamentelor sanitare (Rev.2) / Comerț cu ridicata al motocicletelor; comerț cu ridicata al pieselor și accesoriilor pentru motociclete (Rev.3) · CAEN 467325277.61M RON13.41M RON29080.53M RON0.6%
Comerț cu ridicata al băuturilor · CAEN 46343264.07M RON1.13M RON33728.13M RON2.1%
Cultivarea cerealelor (excluzând orezul), plantelor leguminoase și a plantelor oleaginoase · CAEN 011159242.66M RON9.81M RON184259.18M RON4.2%
Construcții de clădiri · CAEN 4120249203.1M RON23.27M RON669114.76M RON3.4%
Comerț cu amănuntul al produselor farmaceutice · CAEN 477340162.43M RON5.87M RON19420.88M RON3.3%
Lucrări de pregătire a terenului · CAEN 431241158.46M RON15.84M RON8231.27M RON-6.1%
Exploatarea forestieră · CAEN 0220103143.75M RON6.29M RON38447.56M RON2.3%
Creșterea păsărilor · CAEN 01472139.15M RON8.74M RON19434.25M RON5.6%
Lucrări de construcții a proiectelor utilitare pentru electricitate și telecomunicații · CAEN 42224129.06M RON14.2M RON24131.38M RON14.8%
Fabricarea produselor din carne (inclusiv din carne de pasăre) · CAEN 101311118.26M RON7.6M RON229-19.99M RON4.8%
Intermedieri în comerțul cu mașini, echipamente industriale, nave și avioane · CAEN 46148109.87M RON1.77M RON8715.19M RON15%
Comerț cu amănuntul al articolelor de fierărie, al articolelor din sticlă și a celor pentru vopsit, în magazine specializate (Rev.2) / Comerț cu amănuntul al articolelor de fierărie, al materialelor de construcții, al articolelor din sticlă și a celor pentru vopsit (Rev.3) · CAEN 475239108.86M RON4.13M RON20131.3M RON4.4%
Lucrări de construcții a drumurilor și autostrăzilor · CAEN 421133104.45M RON11.78M RON24428.06M RON7.6%
Fabricarea motoarelor, generatoarelor și transformatoarelor electrice și a aparatelor de distribuție și control a electricității (Rev.2) / Fabricarea motoarelor, generatoarelor și transformatoarelor electrice (Rev.3) · CAEN 27115104.19M RON3.24M RON16836.79M RON3.4%
Fabricarea de construcții metalice și părți componente ale structurilor metalice · CAEN 251130100.61M RON5.15M RON33085.93M RON-5.5%
Restaurante · CAEN 561016899.59M RON-1.48M RON50611.19M RON-4.8%
Fabricarea de motoare și turbine (cu excepția celor pentru avioane, autovehicule și motociclete.) · CAEN 2811196.84M RON38.25M RON412284.67M RON39.5%
Alte transporturi terestre de călători n.c.a. · CAEN 493913194.42M RON3.89M RON41812.81M RON1.3%
Fabricarea pâinii; fabricarea prăjiturilor și a produselor proaspete de patiserie · CAEN 107111692.14M RON-565.98K RON5878.56M RON-2.5%
Comerț cu amănuntul nespecializat, cu vânzare predominantă de produse nealimentare · CAEN 47125787.34M RON2.14M RON20723.22M RON1.6%
Activități de intermediere pentru transportul de marfă · CAEN 5231487.28M RON2.85M RON396M RON4%
Comerț cu carburanți · CAEN 47301679.97M RON2.03M RON9818.19M RON1.1%
Lucrări de instalații electrice · CAEN 43215477.96M RON7.39M RON21520.71M RON4.5%
Captarea, tratarea și distribuția apei · CAEN 3600377.12M RON5.62M RON51819.69M RON1.4%
Comerț cu ridicata al mașinilor pentru industria textilă și al mașinilor de cusut și de tricotat (Rev.2) / Comerț cu ridicata al altor mașini și echipamente (Rev.3) · CAEN 4664275.76M RON4.8M RON6439.03M RON7.2%
Activități de inginerie și consultanță tehnică legate de acestea · CAEN 711210974.98M RON11.63M RON17628.77M RON28.7%
Creșterea porcinelor · CAEN 0146874.48M RON-13.56M RON76-3.23M RON0.4%
Comerț cu ridicata de componente și echipamente electronice și de telecomunicații · CAEN 4652373.33M RON2.31M RON7757.99M RON4.7%
Tăierea și rindeluirea lemnului · CAEN 16105972.23M RON-8.11M RON20334.29M RON0.8%
Comerț cu amănuntul în magazine nespecializate, cu vânzare predominantă de produse nealimentare · CAEN 471913663.36M RON112.24K RON2059.4M RON0.5%
Construcții de clădiri · CAEN 41005961.35M RON8.02M RON21523.76M RON3%
Activități de asistență socială, fără cazare, pentru bătrâni și pentru persoane cu dizabilități aflate în incapacitate de a se îngriji singure · CAEN 88101158.28M RON2.12M RON3791.52M RON3.1%
Lucrări de instalații sanitare, de încălzire și de aer condiționat · CAEN 43226455.07M RON3.71M RON1879.87M RON4.6%
Baruri și alte activități de servire a băuturilor · CAEN 563014954.41M RON131.84K RON261818.13K RON-2.4%
Alte activități de servicii suport pentru întreprinderi n.c.a. · CAEN 82998054.01M RON9.04M RON55112.64M RON13.6%
Prelucrarea și conservarea cărnii · CAEN 1011553.23M RON3.89M RON6318.35M RON0.2%
Local units · Caraș-Severin · 14
Local units · Caraș-Severin · 2025 balance sheets · values in RON · unknown values are marked "—".
Territory / activityCompaniesSalesNet profitEmployeesEquityMedian margin
Reșița61.1M RON-136.67K RON5-928K RON-22.4%
Bocșa10 RON-15.11K RON0241.5K RON
Caransebeș32.11M RON-86.01K RON8564.5K RON-10%
Moldova Nouă1271.23M RON13.6M RON26580.52M RON5%
Oțelu Roșu32.26M RON101.67K RON81.2M RON0.7%
Carașova10 RON0 RON0-133.83K RON
Ezeriș199.06K RON-30.27K RON1-55.98K RON-30.6%
Fârliug2659.63K RON10.62K RON1-749.04K RON5.9%
Naidăș10 RON0 RON0-109.39K RON
Prigor10 RON-25.43K RON1-146.83K RON
Sasca Montană1149.93K RON675 RON1-31.33K RON0.5%
Socol1-5.19K RON114.09K RON
Teregova2-4.27K RON78.63K RON
Vărădia10 RON-36.36K RON
SICAP tenders · values by territory

National series independent of CAEN: initiation notices published in 2025, by the authority's current office. Values are estimates, not payments.

Notices and estimated values, 2025
Territory / activityNoticesValue (RON)
Brașov8345.85B RON
Ialomița1801.07B RON
Iași1,08614.34B RON
Tulcea1771.17B RON
Mehedinți187918.76M RON
Vâlcea3842.27B RON
Mureș7408.41B RON
București6,659146.69B RON
Bacău4292.57B RON
Maramureș3712.83B RON
Botoșani3211.32B RON
Brăila3581.49B RON
Galați5775.68B RON
Dâmbovița3673.11B RON
Caraș-Severin2411.42B RON
Hunedoara4822.3B RON
Prahova5524.43B RON
Călărași174765.83M RON
Ilfov5536.78B RON
Constanța7577.24B RON
Bihor6584.49B RON
Sibiu9085.72B RON
Timiș9158.62B RON
Olt3041.2B RON
Cluj1,48415.53B RON
Vaslui3661.65B RON
Giurgiu1711.94B RON
Neamț3461.76B RON
Gorj6013.25B RON
Sălaj2651.1B RON
Alba3591.58B RON
Suceava5673.91B RON
Argeș5322.2B RON
Dolj66113.33B RON
Bistrița-Năsăud2721.71B RON
Teleorman2291.58B RON
Arad3863.25B RON
Buzău2781.02B RON
Vrancea2773.31B RON
Covasna2551.01B RON
Harghita3332.68B RON
Satu Mare2912.55B RON
Județ necunoscut2221.89M RON
UAT Buchin1359.62K RON
UAT Reșița94859.29M RON
UAT Naidăș22.21M RON
UAT Berzovia56.84M RON
UAT Caransebeș1263.83M RON
UAT Bozovici412.28M RON
UAT Topleț1314.81K RON
UAT Lăpușnicu Mare13.06M RON
UAT Sichevița1321.2K RON
UAT Vermeș14.71M RON
UAT Domașnea31.79M RON
UAT Zorlențu Mare11.46M RON
UAT Constantin Daicoviciu731.22M RON
UAT Vrani63.26M RON
UAT Bănia211.86M RON
UAT Răcășdia23.17M RON
UAT Ciudanovița12.25M RON
UAT Cornea28.88M RON
UAT Bucoșnița1435.25K RON
UAT Dalboșeț211.77M RON

Cite the report

Computed on 9/18/2026, 8:47:03 PM · version 20260918174703963. Annual data may be revised when new balance sheets arrive.

DemoANAF.ro. Romania business report 2025 — Caraș-Severin, CAEN 4673. Version 20260918174703963, computed on 2026-09-18T17:47:03.963Z. https://demoanaf.ro/en/raport-afaceri-romania-2025?judet=Cara%C8%99-Severin&caen=4673#date-raport Data: https://demoanaf.ro/rapoarte/afaceri-romania-2025/date.csv?rev=20260918174703963

/07Registrations

In which months do new companies appear?

SRL, SRL-D and SA registrations observed in Romania. National series, independent of the financial filters.

Most new companies appeared in July: 10,734 observed registrations.

Pace of registrations

Earliest available registration for each CUI · coverage not confirmed

Solid line: 2025

See the monthly data
Month2025
Jan6,313
Feb8,206
Mar8,589
Apr7,449
May8,145
Jun7,682
Jul10,734
Aug7,697
Sep9,208
Oct9,472
Nov9,682
Dec7,334

Coverage not confirmed: differences between series may reflect missing data. Months without observations do not mean zero.

/08Procurement

Companies and public procurement

Pace of distinct contracts recorded in SEAP. National series, by contract date.

The month with the most SEAP contracts was April: 12,765 distinct contracts.

Contracts recorded in SEAP

A contract's lots and suppliers are not counted as separate contracts

Solid line: 2025

See the monthly data
Month2025
Jan10,684
Feb9,665
Mar11,690
Apr12,765
May11,213
Jun9,725
Jul9,714
Aug9,094
Sep9,436
Oct12,761
Nov12,032
Dec9,769

Period coverage is not confirmed. We count contracts, not payments; awarded values are not actual spending.

/09Methodology

What we measure and what stays unknown

Every percentage must have a clear population, a period and a source.

Balance sheets and coverage

We analyse companies with financial indicators available for 2025. This is not a census of all companies and does not implicitly cover only SRL/SA. The coverage of each indicator is shown separately.

Year-on-year comparisons

Annual balance sheets do not measure H1 2026 results. Companies are linked by CUI. We compare only values available in both years. Geographic and CAEN groups are those of the 2025 cohort; we do not measure relocations or sector changes.

CAEN classification

We use the main code from the balance sheet, normalised to four digits. Authorised activities are not summed. Short titles describe the activities; the exact Rev.2 and Rev.3 definitions sit next to each code. Where they differ, both are shown, without assuming the company's revision or historical equivalence.

Missing values and rates

A missing value stays unknown. Margins require positive turnover and a known net result, including losses. The median treats every company equally. The aggregate margin uses the sums of profit and sales for exactly the same eligible companies. The bands are: below 0%, exactly 0%, above 0% up to and including 2%, above 2% up to and including 5%, above 5% up to and including 10%, and above 10%. They are not solvency thresholds. Growth rates are undefined when the baseline is zero or negative.

The map: capital, employees and tenders

Capital means equity (I10), including negative values, not turnover or share capital. Employees are the reported annual averages, attributed to the current office; the per-company average uses only companies with this indicator known. Tenders are initiation notices published in 2025, located by the authority's current office. Values are estimates, not payments. Colours use fixed numeric references, not ranks or quartiles. Margins have references at −10%, 0%, 2%, 5%, 10% and 20%; extreme values keep the exact number but saturate the colour. Totals use a logarithmic magnitude scale with references in the indicator's units. Each territory has a single observed value; we do not interpolate between localities. The same value keeps the same colour when the county, local unit or CAEN changes. Hatched areas have no values available. Local-unit boundaries come from ANCPI, processed by geo-spatial.org (2025). Localities are linked to local units through the INS SIRUTA 2025 nomenclature. Ambiguous addresses stay in the county total; local units use references adapted to local magnitude, constant across counties and years.

Currencies and exchange rates

All amounts are reported in RON. Conversion to EUR uses the annual average rate published by BNR for the report year; for USD, and for years without a published average, we use the arithmetic mean of the European Central Bank's daily reference rates. Today's rate is never used. It is an indicative conversion for comparison, not an accounting revaluation.

Updates

The report is recomputed periodically from the available data. The generation date does not prove the source is complete. Changes to balance sheets may revise this edition's results.

Sources: ANAF — balance sheets; ONRC — company register; SEAP / data.gov.ro — contracts. See the data sources. Download the SVG map · ANCPI boundaries · geo-spatial.org · INS · SIRUTA 2025