42 of 42 territories with values · Relative scale across counties in this selection · square-root spacing, anchored at zero. Colours are recalculated when the selection changes.▧ No data
Romania · all sectors · balance sheets available for 2021
Adjusted statistics · 1 companies with excluded values
Only the listed indicators are excluded pending validation. Companies remain counted and original statements are preserved.
Turnover and jobs, by the companies' current registered office. Pick a county from the list to continue the analysis.
București holds 36.3% of observed sales, with 157,733 companies.
Counties by turnover
Top 8 · 2021 balance sheets · share of the located-county total
727.5B RON36.3%
148.8B RON7.4%
90.9B RON4.5%
85.33B RON4.3%
70.71B RON3.5%
62.24B RON3.1%
62.11B RON3.1%
51.68B RON2.6%
Where the employees are
Top 8 by reported average headcount · share of the located-county total
1,087,51526.3%
264,9306.4%
198,5634.8%
195,5194.7%
143,6093.5%
143,5403.5%
136,0153.3%
133,2413.2%
/02CAEN sectors
Which sectors drive the economy?
Compare the main activities in Romania. Open a sector for details.
In Comerț cu carburanți, ten companies make 85.9% of sales. In Transport rutier de mărfuri, only 6%.
SECTOR RADIOGRAPHY
All sectors · Romania
How much of a sector fits in ten companies?
Concentration extremes among the top 8 sectors by turnover · share of observed sales, not market share
Comerț cu carburanți85.9%
Transport rutier de mărfuri6%
40 sectors · descending orderTurnover · 2021
01
CAEN 4711
Rev.2
Comerț cu amănuntul în magazine nespecializate, cu vânzare predominantă de produse alimentare, băuturi și tutun
Rev.3
Comerț cu amănuntul nespecializat, cu vânzare predominantă de produse alimentare, băuturi și tutun
The definitions differ between revisions. Figures are grouped by the code reported in the balance sheet; each company's revision is not confirmed.
45,478 companies
92.15B RON
Turnover · 2021/2020+7.6%
34,421 comparable
Top 10 companies
62.4%
Top 10 companies
62.4%
02
CAEN 4730
Rev.2
Comerț cu amănuntul al carburanților pentru autovehicule, în magazine specializate
Rev.3
Comerț cu amănuntul al carburanților pentru autovehicule
The definitions differ between revisions. Figures are grouped by the code reported in the balance sheet; each company's revision is not confirmed.
1,206 companies
59.06B RON
Turnover · 2021/2020+36.7%
1,000 comparable
Top 10 companies
85.9%
Top 10 companies
85.9%
03
CAEN 4120
Rev.2
Lucrări de construcții a clădirilor rezidențiale și nerezidențiale
The main activity from the balance sheet. The name describes the code, not all of the company's authorised activities.
43,760 companies
58.97B RON
Turnover · 2021/2020+6.9%
28,521 comparable
Top 10 companies
10.6%
Top 10 companies
10.6%
04
CAEN 4941
Rev.2
Transporturi rutiere de mărfuri
Rev.3
Transporturi rutiere de mărfuri
The main activity from the balance sheet. The name describes the code, not all of the company's authorised activities.
42,363 companies
57.13B RON
Turnover · 2021/2020+19.4%
30,501 comparable
Top 10 companies
6%
Top 10 companies
6%
05
CAEN 4646
Rev.2
Comerț cu ridicata al produselor farmaceutice
Rev.3
Comerț cu ridicata al produselor farmaceutice și medicale
The definitions differ between revisions. Figures are grouped by the code reported in the balance sheet; each company's revision is not confirmed.
1,766 companies
51.24B RON
Turnover · 2021/2020+12.6%
1,362 comparable
Top 10 companies
48.6%
Top 10 companies
48.6%
06
CAEN 4621
Rev.2
Comerț cu ridicata al cerealelor, semințelor, furajelor și tutunului neprelucrat
Rev.3
Comerț cu ridicata al cerealelor, semințelor, furajelor și tutunului neprelucrat
The main activity from the balance sheet. The name describes the code, not all of the company's authorised activities.
1,594 companies
41.14B RON
Turnover · 2021/2020+72.2%
1,085 comparable
Top 10 companies
59.2%
Top 10 companies
59.2%
07
CAEN 4511
Rev.2
Comerț cu autoturisme și autovehicule ușoare (sub 3,5 tone)
The main activity from the balance sheet. The name describes the code, not all of the company's authorised activities.
3,746 companies
35.21B RON
Turnover · 2021/2020+22.1%
2,463 comparable
Top 10 companies
49.6%
Top 10 companies
49.6%
08
CAEN 4690
Rev.2
Comerț cu ridicata nespecializat
Rev.3
Comerț cu ridicata nespecializat
The main activity from the balance sheet. The name describes the code, not all of the company's authorised activities.
7,427 companies
34.99B RON
Turnover · 2021/2020+22.9%
5,687 comparable
Top 10 companies
22.1%
Top 10 companies
22.1%
09
CAEN 2932
Rev.2
Fabricarea altor piese și accesorii pentru autovehicule și pentru motoare de autovehicule
Rev.3
Fabricarea altor piese și accesorii pentru autovehicule și pentru motoare de autovehicule
The main activity from the balance sheet. The name describes the code, not all of the company's authorised activities.
344 companies
33.48B RON
Turnover · 2021/2020+23.9%
290 comparable
Top 10 companies
57.5%
Top 10 companies
57.5%
10
CAEN 2910
Rev.2
Fabricarea autovehiculelor de transport rutier
Rev.3
Fabricarea autovehiculelor de transport rutier
The main activity from the balance sheet. The name describes the code, not all of the company's authorised activities.
32 companies
33.06B RON
Turnover · 2021/2020+7.5%
24 comparable
Top 10 companies
100%
Top 10 companies
100%
One company, one main code. Growth uses the same companies in both years; missing values remain "—". CAEN definitions sit next to each name.
/03Performance
What the typical company looks like
Beyond the giants: sales and margin of the company in the middle of the distribution.
The typical company sells 152.61K RON a year and keeps 14% of sales as net profit.
Median turnover
152.61K RON
669,137 values available
Median net margin
14%
613,914 eligible companies
Aggregate net margin
7.4%
Cumulative profit / cumulative sales, same companies
Profitable companies
59.5%
477,205 of 801,807 with a known result
Distribution of net margins
Companies by margin band · net profit / positive turnover
Loss143,77423.4%
Zero result1700%
Above 0–2%37,2466.1%
Above 2–5%40,2666.6%
Above 5–10%52,6178.6%
Above 10%339,84155.4%
613,914 companies with a known profit and positive sales; 188,141 excluded. Bands describe margins, not bankruptcy risk.
/04Change
Who grew. Who shrank.
Same companies, two years. Compare the change in sales with the change in jobs.
62.4% of the 577,041 comparable companies sold more in 2021 than in 2020.
Cumulative turnover
+21.4%
577,041 companies with turnover in both years
Median turnover change
+15.2%
Only companies with a positive 2020 baseline
Number of employees
+1.5%
466,019 companies with employees reported in both years
More sales or fewer?
Number of companies with comparable data, split by direction of change
Growth360,32762.4%
Decline182,07831.6%
No change34,6366%
Nominal changes in RON, not adjusted for inflation. Companies without data in one of the years are not compared.
/05Dynamics
Company dynamics, county by county
Growth, survival, concentration, the trade register and state dependence in 2021: the national figure and the counties at both ends, for every map layer.
How much business grew on last year
Turnover change at the same companies · % vs 2021−1
The same aggregates as on the map, also available as tables, with a stable citation for every version.
Analysis: DemoANAF.ro · Romania · all activities.
In Romania, the 2021 report covers 802,055 companies with available indicators (all activities). This is the observed sample, not the number of all registered companies.
The median net margin is 14% in 2021, computed for 613,914 companies with positive sales and a known net result, including loss-making companies. 188,141 companies do not meet these conditions.
37,246 companies have strictly positive margins of at most 2% (6.1% of eligible companies). 143,774 eligible companies have negative margins.
477,205 of 801,807 companies with a known net result are profitable: 59.5%. The cumulative net result, after subtracting losses, is 148.56B RON.
The cumulative turnover of the 577,041 comparable companies changed by +21.4% between 2020 and 2021, in nominal RON.
Counties · 43
Counties · 2021 balance sheets · values in RON · unknown values are marked "—".
National series independent of CAEN: initiation notices published in 2021, by the authority's current office. Values are estimates, not payments.
Notices and estimated values, 2021
Territory / activity
Notices
Value (RON)
Cite the report
Computed on 10/9/2026, 4:30:28 PM · version 20261009133028698. Annual data may be revised when new balance sheets arrive.
DemoANAF.ro. Romania business report 2021 — Romania, all activities. Version 20261009133028698, computed on 2026-10-09T13:30:28.698Z. https://demoanaf.ro/en/raport-afaceri-romania-2021#date-raport Data: https://demoanaf.ro/rapoarte/afaceri-romania-2021/date.csv?rev=20261009133028698
SRL, SRL-D and SA registrations observed in Romania. National series, independent of the financial filters.
Most new companies appeared in November: 8,259 observed registrations.
Pace of registrations
Earliest available registration for each CUI · coverage not confirmed
Solid line: 2021
See the monthly data
Month
2021
Jan
—
Feb
—
Mar
—
Apr
—
May
—
Jun
—
Jul
—
Aug
—
Sep
—
Oct
—
Nov
8,259
Dec
7,182
Coverage not confirmed: differences between series may reflect missing data. Months without observations do not mean zero.
/08Procurement
Companies and public procurement
Pace of distinct contracts recorded in SICAP. National series, by contract date.
The month with the most SICAP contracts was December: 4,864 distinct contracts.
Contracts recorded in SICAP
A contract's lots and suppliers are not counted as separate contracts
Solid line: 2021
See the monthly data
Month
2021
Jan
1,922
Feb
1,932
Mar
2,755
Apr
2,527
May
2,698
Jun
4,030
Jul
4,083
Aug
3,673
Sep
4,003
Oct
4,410
Nov
3,678
Dec
4,864
Period coverage is not confirmed. We count contracts, not payments; awarded values are not actual spending.
/09Methodology
What we measure and what stays unknown
Every percentage must have a clear population, a period and a source.
Balance sheets and coverage
We analyse companies with financial indicators available for 2021. This is not a census of all companies and does not implicitly cover only SRL/SA. The coverage of each indicator is shown separately.
Year-on-year comparisons
Annual balance sheets do not measure H1 2022 results. Companies are linked by CUI. We compare only values available in both years. Geographic and CAEN groups are those of the 2021 cohort; we do not measure relocations or sector changes.
CAEN classification
We use the main code from the balance sheet, normalised to four digits. Authorised activities are not summed. Short titles describe the activities; the exact Rev.2 and Rev.3 definitions sit next to each code. Where they differ, both are shown, without assuming the company's revision or historical equivalence.
Missing values and rates
A missing value stays unknown. Margins require positive turnover and a known net result, including losses. The median treats every company equally. The aggregate margin uses the sums of profit and sales for exactly the same eligible companies. The bands are: below 0%, exactly 0%, above 0% up to and including 2%, above 2% up to and including 5%, above 5% up to and including 10%, and above 10%. They are not solvency thresholds. Growth rates are undefined when the baseline is zero or negative.
The map: capital, employees and tenders
Capital means equity (I10), including negative values, not turnover or share capital. Employees are the reported annual averages, attributed to the current office; the per-company average uses only companies with this indicator known. Tenders are initiation notices published in 2021, located by the authority's current office. Values are estimates, not payments. Colours use fixed numeric references, not ranks or quartiles. Margins have references at −10%, 0%, 2%, 5%, 10% and 20%; extreme values keep the exact number but saturate the colour. Totals use a logarithmic magnitude scale with references in the indicator's units. Each territory has a single observed value; we do not interpolate between localities. The same value keeps the same colour when the county, local unit or CAEN changes. Hatched areas have no values available. Local-unit boundaries come from ANCPI, processed by geo-spatial.org (2025). Localities are linked to local units through the INS SIRUTA 2025 nomenclature. Ambiguous addresses stay in the county total; local units use references adapted to local magnitude, constant across counties and years.
Currencies and exchange rates
All amounts are reported in RON. Conversion to EUR uses the annual average rate published by BNR for the report year; for USD, and for years without a published average, we use the arithmetic mean of the European Central Bank's daily reference rates. Today's rate is never used. It is an indicative conversion for comparison, not an accounting revaluation.
Updates
The report is recomputed periodically from the available data. The generation date does not prove the source is complete. Changes to balance sheets may revise this edition's results.
