42 of 42 territories with values · Relative scale across counties in this selection · square-root spacing, anchored at zero. Colours are recalculated when the selection changes.▧ No data
Romania · all sectors · balance sheets available for 2019
Turnover and jobs, by the companies' current registered office. Pick a county from the list to continue the analysis.
București holds 36.5% of observed sales, with 154,867 companies.
Counties by turnover
Top 8 · 2019 balance sheets · share of the located-county total
625.86B RON36.5%
122.73B RON7.2%
77.83B RON4.5%
70.12B RON4.1%
70.02B RON4.1%
56.58B RON3.3%
53.82B RON3.1%
49.77B RON2.9%
Where the employees are
Top 8 by reported average headcount · share of the located-county total
1,150,36027.1%
214,5765%
198,6064.7%
195,6464.6%
159,5343.8%
141,9803.3%
141,8493.3%
129,4593%
/02CAEN sectors
Which sectors drive the economy?
Compare the main activities in Romania. Open a sector for details.
In Fabricarea autovehiculelor, ten companies make 100% of sales. In Transport rutier de mărfuri, only 8.3%.
SECTOR RADIOGRAPHY
All sectors · Romania
How much of a sector fits in ten companies?
Concentration extremes among the top 8 sectors by turnover · share of observed sales, not market share
Fabricarea autovehiculelor100%
Transport rutier de mărfuri8.3%
40 sectors · descending orderTurnover · 2019
01
CAEN 4711
Rev.2
Comerț cu amănuntul în magazine nespecializate, cu vânzare predominantă de produse alimentare, băuturi și tutun
Rev.3
Comerț cu amănuntul nespecializat, cu vânzare predominantă de produse alimentare, băuturi și tutun
The definitions differ between revisions. Figures are grouped by the code reported in the balance sheet; each company's revision is not confirmed.
50,887 companies
80.51B RON
Turnover · 2019/2018+10.3%
36,333 comparable
Top 10 companies
60.5%
Top 10 companies
60.5%
02
CAEN 4730
Rev.2
Comerț cu amănuntul al carburanților pentru autovehicule, în magazine specializate
Rev.3
Comerț cu amănuntul al carburanților pentru autovehicule
The definitions differ between revisions. Figures are grouped by the code reported in the balance sheet; each company's revision is not confirmed.
1,302 companies
55.89B RON
Turnover · 2019/2018+5.8%
1,025 comparable
Top 10 companies
87.8%
Top 10 companies
87.8%
03
CAEN 4941
Rev.2
Transporturi rutiere de mărfuri
Rev.3
Transporturi rutiere de mărfuri
The main activity from the balance sheet. The name describes the code, not all of the company's authorised activities.
40,698 companies
52.26B RON
Turnover · 2019/2018+7.3%
28,514 comparable
Top 10 companies
8.3%
Top 10 companies
8.3%
04
CAEN 4120
Rev.2
Lucrări de construcții a clădirilor rezidențiale și nerezidențiale
The main activity from the balance sheet. The name describes the code, not all of the company's authorised activities.
40,887 companies
49.43B RON
Turnover · 2019/2018+28.4%
23,823 comparable
Top 10 companies
10.4%
Top 10 companies
10.4%
05
CAEN 4646
Rev.2
Comerț cu ridicata al produselor farmaceutice
Rev.3
Comerț cu ridicata al produselor farmaceutice și medicale
The definitions differ between revisions. Figures are grouped by the code reported in the balance sheet; each company's revision is not confirmed.
1,717 companies
40.86B RON
Turnover · 2019/2018+14.3%
1,299 comparable
Top 10 companies
49.9%
Top 10 companies
49.9%
06
CAEN 2910
Rev.2
Fabricarea autovehiculelor de transport rutier
Rev.3
Fabricarea autovehiculelor de transport rutier
The main activity from the balance sheet. The name describes the code, not all of the company's authorised activities.
34 companies
35.1B RON
Turnover · 2019/2018-0.8%
23 comparable
Top 10 companies
100%
Top 10 companies
100%
07
CAEN 2932
Rev.2
Fabricarea altor piese și accesorii pentru autovehicule și pentru motoare de autovehicule
Rev.3
Fabricarea altor piese și accesorii pentru autovehicule și pentru motoare de autovehicule
The main activity from the balance sheet. The name describes the code, not all of the company's authorised activities.
356 companies
33.57B RON
Turnover · 2019/2018+5.3%
278 comparable
Top 10 companies
53.3%
Top 10 companies
53.3%
08
CAEN 4511
Rev.2
Comerț cu autoturisme și autovehicule ușoare (sub 3,5 tone)
The main activity from the balance sheet. The name describes the code, not all of the company's authorised activities.
3,165 companies
33.42B RON
Turnover · 2019/2018+14.3%
1,993 comparable
Top 10 companies
54%
Top 10 companies
54%
09
CAEN 4621
Rev.2
Comerț cu ridicata al cerealelor, semințelor, furajelor și tutunului neprelucrat
Rev.3
Comerț cu ridicata al cerealelor, semințelor, furajelor și tutunului neprelucrat
The main activity from the balance sheet. The name describes the code, not all of the company's authorised activities.
1,485 companies
30.43B RON
Turnover · 2019/2018+3.8%
1,006 comparable
Top 10 companies
65.1%
Top 10 companies
65.1%
10
CAEN 2931
Rev.2
Fabricarea de echipamente electrice și electronice pentru autovehicule și pentru motoare de autovehicule
Rev.3
Fabricarea de echipamente electrice și electronice pentru autovehicule și pentru motoare de autovehicule
The main activity from the balance sheet. The name describes the code, not all of the company's authorised activities.
80 companies
29.57B RON
Turnover · 2019/2018+0.7%
64 comparable
Top 10 companies
80%
Top 10 companies
80%
One company, one main code. Growth uses the same companies in both years; missing values remain "—". CAEN definitions sit next to each name.
/03Performance
What the typical company looks like
Beyond the giants: sales and margin of the company in the middle of the distribution.
The typical company sells 140.94K RON a year and keeps 10.6% of sales as net profit.
Median turnover
140.94K RON
646,800 values available
Median net margin
10.6%
591,336 eligible companies
Aggregate net margin
5.6%
Cumulative profit / cumulative sales, same companies
Profitable companies
55.9%
443,496 of 793,850 with a known result
Distribution of net margins
Companies by margin band · net profit / positive turnover
Loss154,89226.2%
Zero result1990%
Above 0–2%42,6077.2%
Above 2–5%42,1577.1%
Above 5–10%51,0018.6%
Above 10%300,48050.8%
591,336 companies with a known profit and positive sales; 202,823 excluded. Bands describe margins, not bankruptcy risk.
/04Change
Who grew. Who shrank.
Same companies, two years. Compare the change in sales with the change in jobs.
58.7% of the 535,253 comparable companies sold more in 2019 than in 2018.
Cumulative turnover
+9.2%
535,253 companies with turnover in both years
Median turnover change
+8.2%
Only companies with a positive 2018 baseline
Number of employees
-1.4%
411,423 companies with employees reported in both years
More sales or fewer?
Number of companies with comparable data, split by direction of change
Growth313,97958.7%
Decline198,52037.1%
No change22,7544.3%
Nominal changes in RON, not adjusted for inflation. Companies without data in one of the years are not compared.
/05Dynamics
Company dynamics, county by county
Growth, survival, concentration, the trade register and state dependence in 2019: the national figure and the counties at both ends, for every map layer.
How much business grew on last year
Turnover change at the same companies · % vs 2019−1
Nationally: 395.6K RON in 2019. Highest values: Ilfov (615.26K RON), București (533.24K RON), Argeș (489.57K RON), Alba (416.41K RON), Constanța (412.4K RON). Lowest: Mehedinți (187.23K RON), Gorj (200.18K RON), Hunedoara (207.14K RON), Caraș-Severin (216.86K RON), Vrancea (219.68K RON). 42 counties with data.
Where companies are born and where they vanish
Registrations minus strike-offs per 1,000 active companies · ‰
RO +84.6‰
Nationally: +84.6‰ in 2019. Highest values: Gorj (+114.8‰), Alba (+110.3‰), Vâlcea (+108.9‰), Dâmbovița (+108.5‰), Ilfov (+107‰). Lowest: București (+60.8‰), Harghita (+72.3‰), Bihor (+74.1‰), Teleorman (+75.1‰), Neamț (+75.5‰). 42 counties with data.
How much business comes from the state
SICAP contracts won by local companies · % of turnover
RO 5.4%
Nationally: 5.4% in 2019. Highest values: Botoșani (14.9%), București (10.4%), Ilfov (7.9%), Covasna (5.7%), Olt (5%). Lowest: Mehedinți (0%), Caraș-Severin (0%), Alba (0%), Bihor (0%), Dâmbovița (0%). 42 counties with data.
/06Data
The data behind the map
The same aggregates as on the map, also available as tables, with a stable citation for every version.
Analysis: DemoANAF.ro · Romania · all activities.
In Romania, the 2019 report covers 794,159 companies with available indicators (all activities). This is the observed sample, not the number of all registered companies.
The median net margin is 10.6% in 2019, computed for 591,336 companies with positive sales and a known net result, including loss-making companies. 202,823 companies do not meet these conditions.
42,607 companies have strictly positive margins of at most 2% (7.2% of eligible companies). 154,892 eligible companies have negative margins.
443,496 of 793,850 companies with a known net result are profitable: 55.9%. The cumulative net result, after subtracting losses, is 91.67B RON.
The cumulative turnover of the 535,253 comparable companies changed by +9.2% between 2018 and 2019, in nominal RON.
Counties · 43
Counties · 2019 balance sheets · values in RON · unknown values are marked "—".
National series independent of CAEN: initiation notices published in 2019, by the authority's current office. Values are estimates, not payments.
Notices and estimated values, 2019
Territory / activity
Notices
Value (RON)
Cite the report
Computed on 10/9/2026, 4:57:14 PM · version 20261009135714126. Annual data may be revised when new balance sheets arrive.
DemoANAF.ro. Romania business report 2019 — Romania, all activities. Version 20261009135714126, computed on 2026-10-09T13:57:14.126Z. https://demoanaf.ro/en/raport-afaceri-romania-2019#date-raport Data: https://demoanaf.ro/rapoarte/afaceri-romania-2019/date.csv?rev=20261009135714126
SRL, SRL-D and SA registrations observed in Romania. National series, independent of the financial filters.
Monthly registrations
No monthly observations for this year in the available series.
/08Procurement
Companies and public procurement
Pace of distinct contracts recorded in SICAP. National series, by contract date.
The month with the most SICAP contracts was December: 693 distinct contracts.
Contracts recorded in SICAP
A contract's lots and suppliers are not counted as separate contracts
Solid line: 2019
See the monthly data
Month
2019
Jan
230
Feb
177
Mar
435
Apr
212
May
285
Jun
289
Jul
313
Aug
502
Sep
556
Oct
458
Nov
564
Dec
693
Period coverage is not confirmed. We count contracts, not payments; awarded values are not actual spending.
/09Methodology
What we measure and what stays unknown
Every percentage must have a clear population, a period and a source.
Balance sheets and coverage
We analyse companies with financial indicators available for 2019. This is not a census of all companies and does not implicitly cover only SRL/SA. The coverage of each indicator is shown separately.
Year-on-year comparisons
Annual balance sheets do not measure H1 2020 results. Companies are linked by CUI. We compare only values available in both years. Geographic and CAEN groups are those of the 2019 cohort; we do not measure relocations or sector changes.
CAEN classification
We use the main code from the balance sheet, normalised to four digits. Authorised activities are not summed. Short titles describe the activities; the exact Rev.2 and Rev.3 definitions sit next to each code. Where they differ, both are shown, without assuming the company's revision or historical equivalence.
Missing values and rates
A missing value stays unknown. Margins require positive turnover and a known net result, including losses. The median treats every company equally. The aggregate margin uses the sums of profit and sales for exactly the same eligible companies. The bands are: below 0%, exactly 0%, above 0% up to and including 2%, above 2% up to and including 5%, above 5% up to and including 10%, and above 10%. They are not solvency thresholds. Growth rates are undefined when the baseline is zero or negative.
The map: capital, employees and tenders
Capital means equity (I10), including negative values, not turnover or share capital. Employees are the reported annual averages, attributed to the current office; the per-company average uses only companies with this indicator known. Tenders are initiation notices published in 2019, located by the authority's current office. Values are estimates, not payments. Colours use fixed numeric references, not ranks or quartiles. Margins have references at −10%, 0%, 2%, 5%, 10% and 20%; extreme values keep the exact number but saturate the colour. Totals use a logarithmic magnitude scale with references in the indicator's units. Each territory has a single observed value; we do not interpolate between localities. The same value keeps the same colour when the county, local unit or CAEN changes. Hatched areas have no values available. Local-unit boundaries come from ANCPI, processed by geo-spatial.org (2025). Localities are linked to local units through the INS SIRUTA 2025 nomenclature. Ambiguous addresses stay in the county total; local units use references adapted to local magnitude, constant across counties and years.
Currencies and exchange rates
All amounts are reported in RON. Conversion to EUR uses the annual average rate published by BNR for the report year; for USD, and for years without a published average, we use the arithmetic mean of the European Central Bank's daily reference rates. Today's rate is never used. It is an indicative conversion for comparison, not an accounting revaluation.
Updates
The report is recomputed periodically from the available data. The generation date does not prove the source is complete. Changes to balance sheets may revise this edition's results.
